U1: L7: Pandemic

Question 1

Define pandemic

Answer 1

A widespread of a infectious disease over a whole country

Question 2

Define epidemic

Answer 2

A widespread of a infectious disease in a community at a particular time

Question 3

Define endemic

Answer 3

A disease outbreak which is consistently present but limited to a particular region

Question 4

Define vaccine diplomacy

Answer 4

The use of vaccines to improve a country’s diplomatic relationship

Question 5

How were the vaccines developed fast?

Answer 5

. Teams around the world helped
. Use of advanced skills and techniques from the quantenery system.

Question 6

How were the richer countries able to be the first in the vaccine queue?

Answer 6

. They ordered vaccines in advanced before approval.
. They ordered more than they needed incase it failed.

Question 7

What is COVAX?

Answer 7

COVAS is a scheme that was set up so that the vaccines could be distributed fairly.

Question 8

Does COVAX charge the poorer countries for the vaccines?

Answer 8

No

Question 9

When Covid 19 struck why were many countries reluctant to close their borders?

Answer 9

1. Economic Impact on Tourism:
   - Countries dependent on tourism faced financial losses due to travel bans.
2. Trade Continuity and Shortages:
   - While trade generally continued, border restrictions created shortages of goods.
3. Importance of International Travel:
   - Businesses emphasized the necessity of international travel for their operations.
4. Effects on Migration:
   - Closed borders have disrupted migration patterns, leaving millions of refugees stranded.

Question 10

When Covid 19 struck why were many countries reluctant to lock down businesses?

Answer 10

1. Impact on Gross National Income (GNI):
   - When people are not working, their earnings decrease, leading to a reduction in GNI.
2. Furlough Payments:
   - Some countries opted to pay furlough to those unable to work, which proved to be an expensive measure.
3. Consequences of Unemployment:
   - Countries that did not provide support also faced economic losses, as unemployed individuals stopped spending money.

Question 11

When Covid 19 struck why were many countries reluctant to close school?

Answer 11

1. Loss of Education:
   - Closing schools meant that students would miss out on important learning opportunities.
2. Childcare Challenges:
   - Parents who work faced difficulties finding childcare, as many relied on schools for supervision during work hours.
3. Access to Resources:
   - Some countries recognized that students might struggle to learn at home without Internet access, computers, or even basic supplies like desks and stationery.

Question 12

State 2 reasons why most vaccines were developed in richer countries?

Answer 12

1. Quaternary Sector:
   - Vaccine development falls under the quaternary sector of the economy, which focuses on knowledge-based activities. Not all countries have a strong presence in this sector.
2. Skilled Workforce:
   - Scientists involved in vaccine research require advanced education and high-level skills, which are more commonly found in richer nations.
3. High Development Costs:
   - The process of developing vaccines is expensive, encompassing research, trials, and manufacturing, making it more feasible for wealthier countries to invest in these efforts.

Question 13

State 2 reasons why vaccinating everyone in poorer countries is a big challenge.

Answer 13

1. Lack of Official Registration:
   - Many individuals are not officially registered, making it difficult to monitor their vaccination status.
2. High Cost of Vaccines:
   - Vaccines can be expensive, creating additional barriers to access for the population.

Question 14

If the world’s low income countries were not vaccinated their poverty levels would increase. Explain why.

Answer 14

Healthcare Costs:
- Treating diseases incurs high costs, burdening families and governments. This diverts resources from essential areas like education and business investment.

Child Education:
- Illness and loss of family members can prevent children from attending school, reducing their future earning potential and perpetuating poverty cycles.

Long-term Development:
- Ongoing health issues can impede long-term economic growth, making it challenging for countries to attract investment and develop infrastructure.

Question 15

If the world’s low income countries were not vaccinated the economies of the richer countries could suffer. Why?

Answer 15

Global Supply Chain Disruptions:
- Rich countries depend on goods from low-income nations. Illness from lack of vaccination can disrupt production, causing shortages and increased costs.

Decreased Trade:
- Severe health crises in low-income countries can reduce their trading capacity, impacting the profitability of companies in richer nations reliant on imports and exports.