U.1 K.A.7 Cellular Respiration Flashcards
What name is given to the series of metabolic pathways that brings about the release of energy from a foodstuff and the regeneration of ATP?
Respiration
A molecule of ATP is composed of what two components?
Adenosine and three molecules of inorganic phosphate (adenosine tri-phosphate)
When ATP breaks down what is formed?
ADP + Pi
What is released during the breaking of the terminal bond in ATP?
Energy
Name 3 processes in the body that require ATP.
- Muscle contraction
- Nerve impulses
- Protein synthesis
What name is given to the process by which phosphate is added to ADP?
Phosphorylation
Name the 3 stages in respiration.
- Glycolysis
- Citric Acid Cycle
- Electron Transport Chain
Name the two phases of Glycolysis.
- Energy investment phase
- Energy payoff phase
Where in the cell does Glycolysis take place?
Cytoplasm
How many ATPs need to be invested in the energy investment phase of Glycolysis?
2ATP
How many ATPs are made during the energy payoff phase to give a net gain of 2ATPs?
4ATP
What enzymes remove hydrogen ions and electrons from glucose?
Dehydrogenase enzymes
Name the coenzyme molecule that acts as a carrier of the hydrogen ions and electrons.
NAD
What does NAD become when H+ and electrons are picked up by it?
NADH
Where are all the H+ ions and electrons taken to by the NADH?
Electron Transport Chain