U.1 KA.1 Division and Differentiation in Human Cells

Question 1

What name is given to human body cells that are not involved in reproduction?

Answer 1

Somatic Cells

Question 2

How many chromosomes are found in somatic cells?

Answer 2

46

Question 3

By what process do somatic cells produce more somatic cells?

Answer 3

Mitosis

Question 4

What name is given to the human cells involved in producing the gametes for reproduction?

Answer 4

Germline Cells

Question 5

How many chromosomes are found in germline cells?

Answer 5

46

Question 6

By what process do germline cells produce more germline cells?

Answer 6

Mitosis

Question 7

In which part of the body are germline cells found?

Answer 7

Ovaries and Testes

Question 8

By which process do germline cells produce gametes (egg and sperm)?

Answer 8

Meiosis

Question 9

How many egg or sperm are produced when a germline cell divides by meiosis?

Answer 9

4

Question 10

Name the two types of stem cell.

Answer 10

Embryonic and Tissue stem cell

Question 11

What word is used to describe the ability of embryonic stem cells to divide into almost any cell type?

Answer 11

Pluripotent

Question 12

What word can be used to describe the ability of tissue stem cells to divide into a limited range of cell types?

Answer 12

Multipotent

Question 13

Name five uses of stem cells.

Answer 13

• Model cells to investigate diseases and drugs
• Corneal repairs
• Skin grafts
• Bone marrow transplants to treat leukaemia

Question 14

What signals do cancer cells fail to respond to?

Answer 14

Regulatory signals

Question 15

What name is given to the abnormal mass of cells formed by uncontrolled cell division of cancer cells?

Answer 15

Tumour