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Hemo 2 > U 2 P 3 > Flashcards

U 2 P 3 Flashcards

1
Q

ALL is caused by what?

A

Lymphoid precursor mutation (b and T cells)

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2
Q

ALL prognosis is adults is?

A

Poor

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3
Q

ALL is predominantly a disease of?

A

Children

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4
Q

FAB classifies ALL by?

A

Appearance of blasts

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5
Q

ALL is divided into 3 subtypes called?

A

L1- children usually (b cells)
L2- older children and adults (t cells)
L3-adults, also called Burkett t(8:14) commonly seen

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6
Q

Philadelphia chromosome is commonly seen in what kind of leukemia? And where does it take place?

A

In ALL t(9,22)

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7
Q

What are some ALL laboratory data?

A 
Leukocyte count variable
N/N anemia
Severe thrombocytopenia
     Peripheral smear
Predominance of lymphoblasts
Smudge cells
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8
Q

ALL chemotherapy is very effective but can result in what?

A

Lymphoblasts becoming resistant

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9
Q

ALL prognosis is?

A

95% kids achieve remission 80% are cured

Adults 60-85% cured

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10
Q

Acute myeloid leukemia results from?

A

An increased number of immature cells in the bone marrow or in arrested maturation

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11
Q

AML general lab findings?

A 
WBC variable 5,000-30,000
Anemia retics low
Platelets low
    Peripheral smear 
Blasts 
NRBC
Possible giant playlets,hypogranularion, hypersegmented neutrophils 
Bone marrow 
20-90% blasts
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12
Q

M0 is what FAB leukemia?

A

Acute myeloblastic leukemiawith minimal differentiation

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13
Q

M1 is what FAB leukemia?

A

Acute myleoblastic leukemia without maturation

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14
Q

M2 is what FAB leukemia?

A

Acute myeloblastic leukemia with maturation

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15
Q

M3 is what FAB leukemia?

A

Acute promyelocytic leukemia

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16
Q

M4 is what FAB leukemia?

A

Acute myelomonocytic leukemia

17
Q

M5 is what FAB leukemia?

A

Acute monoblastic leukemia

18
Q

M6 is what FAB leukemia?

A

Acute erythrolekemia

19
Q

M7 is what FAB leukemia?

A

Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia

20
Q

What are some characteristics of M0 leukemia?

A 
Immunophenotyping is a must
Leukocytes increased
Thrombocytopenia
    Peripheral smear
A LOT of blasts
N/N
CD 13, 33, 34, 38, 117
21
Q

What are some characteristics of M1 leukemia?

A 
Most common in children and adults
Rapid or gradual onset
Ulcerated mucous membranes, occasional tumor mass, bone tenderness
WBC greater than 100,000
Thrombocytopenia
Norma/normo
Look for auer rods
Acquired pelger-huet anomaly
22
Q

What cytochemical stains stain for m1?

A

Myeloperoxidase, sudan black b, positive

23
Q

What cd markers for m1?

A

CD13, 33, 34, 117

Prognosis is poor

24
Q

What are some characteristics of M2 leukemia?

A 
t(8,21)
Total leukocyte count increased
N/N, thrombocytopenia
Predominant myeloblasts
Auer rods
MPO/SBB positive
CD13, 33, 65, 15, 11b
25
Q

What are some characteristics of M3 leukemia?

A 
95% caused by t(15;17) (q22;12)Causes malignancy in promyelocytes (stuck)
DIC-disseminated intravascular coagulation
Leukopenia/leukocytosis
Peripheral smear
Predominantly promyelocytes
Auer rods
MPO/SBB/ specific esterase - positive
CD33, CD13 
Treated with high doses of retinoic
26
Q

What are some characteristics of M4 leukemia?

A

Mixture of malignant monocytic myelocytic cells in the bone marrow
Pharyngitis and gingival hyperplasia
Varies from leukopenia to leukocytosis
Anemia, thrombocytopenia, DIC
Erythrophagocytosis
Auer rods, promyelocytes, pelger huet anomaly
MPO, specific esterase, nonspecific esterase
CD, 4, 13, 14, 15, 11b, 34, 36, 64

27
Q

What are some characteristics of M5 leukemia?

A 
Hallmark feature extramedullary masses
M5a monoblastic
M5b monocytic
t(p11.2;p13.3)
Ulcerations in mouth/rectum
Skin lesions
Increased CNS involvement
80% of cells have monocytic origin
NO auer rods 
nonspecific esterase positive
CD 11b, 11c, 13, 14, 15, 33, 36, 64, 65, 68
Poor prognosis
28
Q

What are some characteristics of M6 leukemia?

A 
Proliferation of erythroid and myeloid
Acute erythroleukemia (erythroid and myeloid)
Pure erythroid
WBC 50-200
Thrombocytopenia 
SEVERE megoloblastic anemia
Myeloid/erythroid blasts
Erythroblasts MPO/SBB negative PAS +
Myeloblasts MPO/SBB positive
CD 13, 33, 71, 117
Poor prognosis
29
Q

What are some characteristics of M7 leukemia?

A 
30% of cells are blast with budding
Children with organ Meg Aly and bone lesions
50% megakaryocyte origin
Stains are pretty worthless
CD 36, 41, 61
Poor prognosis

Hemo 2 (7 decks)

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