Typical and Disordered communication Flashcards
What is communication? What is the purpose of communicating?
The exchange of ideas of the sender(s) and receiver(s)
Purpose–> connecs with others, satisfy basic needs, reveal feelings, sharing information
What do sociolinguistics analyze?
`Why is sociolinguistics needed?
how cultural identity, setting, and participants influence communication
They’re needed to understand the differences in language (they help bridge the gap between community and the languages spoken)
How is language defined?
socially shared code used to represent concepts; uses ARBITRARY symbols combined in ruled-governed ways
What are the components of language?
HINT: There are 3
Form (syntax, morphology, phonology)
Use(pragmatics)
Content (semantics)
What compontent is phonology apart of?
How is it defined?
What is PHONEME? How many are there?
FORM
The sound system of a language
PHONEME–> Speech sound (written in / /)
There are 43 phonemes
What compontent is Morphology apart of?
How is it defined?
FORM
Structure of words
What compontent is Syntax apart of?
How is it defined?
FORM
How words are arranged in a sentence and how affect each other
What component is Semantics apart of?
How is it defined?
What is Semantic features?
CONTENT
Meaning of language
Sematic features are pieces of meaning that together define a word
What component is Pragmatics apart of?
How is it defined?
USE
Its how and why we use language and varies with culture
What is speech?
What is articulation?
What is prosody?
What is fluency
Speech: the acoustic representation of language
Articulation: how speech sounds are formed
Prosody: rate, rhythm, stress, intonation
Fluency: smooth, forward flow of communication
What is pitch? Habitual pitch? Intonation?
Pitch: Perception of how high (treble) or low (bass) a
sound is
Physical correlate:
frequency (Hz)
Habitual Pitch: Basic tone an individual uses most of
the time
Intonation: Pitch movement within an utterance
What are a child’s milestones of speech and language development?
1 month: Begin to coo (vowel sounds)
3-4 months: Produce cries with various meanings; e.g., hunger, pain, etc.
6 months: Babies begin to sit up; their hands are free and toy play increases dramatically. Babies begin to babble—dadada, mamama,
tatata, etc.
12 months: First words are produced.
18-24 months: After babies produce approximately 50 single words, they
begin to combine words to produce 2-word utterances.
24-30 months: Babies produce simple sentences; e.g., me want it; I no want it; you want some?
Huge increase in vocabulary.
36+ months: Understands and produces more than 1,000 words; sentences produced are complex; child can tell simple story sequences.
What is a Phonological Process?
Patterns of sound errors that typically developing children use to simplify speech as they are learning to talk
How are communication disorders classified?
Etiology: Cause/origin of a problem
Congenital: Present at birth
Acquired: Result of illness, accident, or
environmental circumstances later in life
Severity (mild to profound
What does “typical” mean?
“Typical” means “like most others of the same group”
