TYPES OF VALIDITY Flashcards
define validity
the extent to which observed effect is genuine, measures what it is supposed to and generalised beyond research setting
give an example of how it’s possible to produce reliable but invalid results?
scale gives reliable consistent results but is 7+ kg than actual weight making it invalid
what are the four types of validity?
face
concurrent
ecological
temporal
what is face validity?
scrutinised to determine if it measures what it is supposed to
how can face validity be tested?
through passing to an expert to check
what is concurrent validity?
extent psychological measure relates to existing similar measure
how can concurrent validity be tested?
results obtained are close to/match the one obtained on a well established test
what is ecological validity?
extent findings generalised to other settings/situations
what is temporal validity?
findings research study generalised to history times/eras for example external validity
what is an example of a theory that doesn’t have temporal validity?
Freud as penis envy is seen to be sexist, outdated and a reflection of Victorian society
define internal validity
refers to whether the effects observed in an experiment are due to the manipulation of the IV and not other factors
what is a threat to internal validity?
demand characteristics and act in a way they think is expected
external validity refers to what type of validity?
ecological validity
what can lower ecological validity?
if task is used to measure DV has low mundane realism (not true to life)
how can we improve validity in experimental research?
control groups - to see if changes in DV were due to the effect of the IV
standardised procedures - to minimise impact of ppt reactivity and investigator effect
single-blind and double-blind procedures - help improve validity and reduce demand characteristics
