Types of Speech Contexts, Intercultural Communication Flashcards
Speech contexts
Circumstances
Type of Speech context is dependent on?
the number of participants. How many participants may be involved in the comm process
Type of Speech content depends
on the no. of participants in the commu process
Includes 1 person
Intrapersonal
2 people
Interpersonal
3-10 people
Group
11 and up
Public communication
Regardless of number, propagated by a medium
Mass Comm
Intrapersonal uses
Making decisions
Interpersonal has two types
Dyadic : Intimate and personal & Formal and Impersonal
Group communication
working in teams
Success of a group comm may depend on the
behavior of the members
Types of People in Group comm
Controlling, Egalitarian, Structuring, Dynamic, Relinquishing, Withdrawing
Controlling
the one who dominates, does not allow others to dominate
do not care about the feelingss of others
Egalitarian
not only willingly gives information but allows others to do the same
exact opposite of Controlling
exhibits respectful approach
Structuring
Sees to it that all members follow a systematic way of doing things
result oriented
takes the initiative in leading a group and makes sure that you do what you need to accomplish
Dynamic
encourages others to participate
knows the right words to encourage and motivate others to help
Relinquishing
Gives way to itherd to avoid conflict
willing to give up his or her points
Withdrawing
does not want to have anything to do with the group
physically present, mentally absent
stays quiet
What to do to avoid conflict in group comm or Conflict management styles
Competing Accommodating Compromising Avoiding Collaborating
Public comm
type of comm happens when there is one sender giving message to a large group
Ways of Public Comm
PAA, GI, SO, A, GT
PAA
Presenting and accepting an award
GI
Giving introduction
SO
Speeches on Occasion
A
Acting
GT
Giving tribute
Communication is a complex process three reasons
- involves two or more people
- comm barriers may impede its success
- people mag come from diff cultures
Intercultural Communication
the study and practice of communication across cultural contexts.
Lack knowledge in cultural differences promote Ethnocentrism and Stereotyping. Knowledge of which promites tolerance
Ethnocentrism
act of judging another culture based on preconceptions that are found in the values. “my culture the best culture”
Stereotyping
fixed, overgeneralized belief about a particular group or class of people (Cardwell,1999)
In what ways do people differ in culture
Social Values, Roles and Status, Decision-making customs, Concept of time, Personal space
Social values
refers to a group’s expectation from its people
go and live away at 18 in USA
social values
Roles and Status
differences in how people contribute to society
Women in middle east seldom work
Roles and status
men and women in us are given same opportunities
Roles and status
Decision making customs
differences in the length of time spent to come up with a decision
Canadians decide fast
Decision-making customs
Japanese are slow in deciding
Decision-making customs
Concepts of time
Differences in value of time
Filipinos have Filipino fime
Concepts of time
Chronemics
On time, Ahead of time, Just in time, Late
Events starts at 8am
On time - 7:30
Ahead of time- 7am
Just in time - 7:59 or 8am
Late- Beyond 8am
General rule
Always ON TIME
Personal space
differences in procimity when communicating
latin anerican moving towards, american backwards
Personal space
Cultural context
differences in how meanings are understood
2 types of cultural context
Low Context and High Context
Low
verbal comm
ex American, French, British, German, Swiss German, Scandinavian
High
non verbal, contextual elements
Japanese,Chinese, Arab, Greek, Spanish, Italian
Behavior and Manners
concept of rude and polite
Take out by Filipinos is rude for americans
Behavior and Manners
Gestures and Body Language
diff in non verbal meanings
Bowing
Gestures and Body Language
Legal and Ethical
differeneve in laws of land and society
Turkey
First guilty unless proven innocent
Bangladesh
children 15 and above can be imprisoned for cheating
Japan
it is illegal to be overweight
China
law to be in college, you have to be intelligent
Finland
traffic fines are based on persons income
Hawaii
illegal to sing loudly after sunset
victoria, australia
you have to be a licensed electrician to change a light bulb, or else it is illegal
Canada
Illegal to pay coins
Corporate cultural differences
cultural diff between companies
Mcdo vs Jollibee
Corporate Cultural differences
Proverbs reflect culture
proverbs say about a culture
Habang may buhay may pagasa
Proverbs reflect culture
Developmental model of intercultural sensitivity
Denial, Defense, Minimization, Acceptance, Adaptation, Integration
Denial Stage 1
a person is someone who doesnt want to recognize culture
Stage 2 Defense
Person acknowledges but thinks highly of his culture
Stage 3 Minimization
Acknowledging but asserts universality
Acceptance Stage 4
Starts to appreciate
Stage 5 Adaptation
Imitate
Stage 6 Integration
a person starts to reflect, embody everything
Competing
asserts authority to others
shows high respect for self no respect for others
Avoiding
giving in to others
respect for others, suffers respect for self
Accommodating
gives insights bit concedes immediately when contradicted
little respect for self, high for others
Compromising
Insists that atleast little insights is acknowledged
Collaborating
everyones ideas are welcome
Diff of public and mass comm
in public, interlocuters are at the same venue
mass, are in diff geographic locs, that a medium is necessary
If the latter is egotistic, the former is
altruistic
