Types Of Rocks, formations and rock cycle Flashcards
Define igneous rock
Made up of cooled Magma
Only rock with crystals
Define sedimentary rocks
Made up of old rock that has been Brocken up to form sediments which join
Define metamorphic rocks
Made from heat and pressure and parent rock (either igneous or sedimentary)
Name two types of igneous rocks and define them
Extrusive- found on the earths crust usually smaller
Intrusive- found within the earths mantle usually bigger
Why does intrusive usually have bigger crystals than extrusive
Intrusive rocks cool slower as the temp inside the mantle is so hot: larger crystals
Extrusive rocks cool quicker: smaller rocks
State the process of sedimentary rocks
Weathering
Erosion
Deposition
Cementation/compaction
Define weathering
Breaks down rocks into sediments by chemical, biological, physical
Define erosion
Breaks rocks further and moves them away/separates them
Define deposition
The settling of the sediments
Define compaction/cementation
The weight of sediments forced together
Another substance acts like a seal/glue for them and joins them
State some properties of sedimentary rocks
Porous
Soft
Easily scratched
State the formation of igneous rocks
Magma cools (either above or within the earths surface)
State property of igneous rock
Non -porous: as they have crystals
Examples of sedimentary rocks
Limestone
Sandstone
Shale
Examples of igneous rocks
Granite
Basalt
Formation of metamorphic rocks
By heat and pressure to change an existing rock
Examples of metamorphic rocks
Marble
Slate
Gneiss
Define cycle
A series of events
regularly repeated
same order
Define uplift
Forces from layers of the earth
Push up rocks to different surfaces
Define rock cycle
Shows how materials/rocks are recycled to make rocks
State one route for the rock cycle
E.g
Metamorphic rock transports near a volcanoes
Mixes with magma, melts and cools
To become an igneous rock
Igneous rocks breaks down into sediments by weathering
Forms a sedimentary rock by deposition and compaction
