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Chemistry Paper 2 > Types Of Reactions > Flashcards

Types Of Reactions Flashcards

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1
Q

Acid (arrhenius)

A

A substance that produces hydrogen ions or hydronium ions when it is dissolved in water

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2
Q

Base (arrhenius)

A

A substance that produces hydroxide ions when it is dissolved in water

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3
Q

Acid (Lowry - bronsted)

A

A proton donor

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4
Q

Base (Lowry bronsted)

A

A proton acceptor

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5
Q

Ampholyte/amphiprotic

A

A substance that can act as either acid or base

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6
Q

Ampholyte/amphiprotic

A

A substance that can act as either acid or base

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7
Q

Kw

A

The equilibrium constant for the ionization of water or the ion product of water or the ionization constant of water

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8
Q

Conjugated base of an acid

A

Is the ion or molecule that remain when the acid has donated a proton

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9
Q

Conjugated acid of a base

A

Is the ion of molecule that form when the base has accepted a proton

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10
Q

Common acid

A

~nitric acid
~HCl
~sulphuric acid
~ethanoic acid (acetic acid)

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11
Q

Common base

A

~ammonia
~potassium hydroxide
~sodium hydroxide (caustic soda)
~sodium carbonate (washing soda)

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12
Q

Monoprotic acid

A

Contains only one ionisable proton in it’s composition which can be donated during an acid - base reaction

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13
Q

Polyatomic acid

A

Can donate two or more proton per formula unit

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14
Q

Tripotic acid

A

Can donate three protons per formula unit

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15
Q

Oxidation number

A

A number that shows how “rich” an atom of the element is in terms of electron that is, now the electrons was moved during the formations of the bond

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16
Q

Oxidation

A

A loss of electrons (an increase in oxidation number)

17
Q

Reduction

A

A gain of electrons (a decrease in oxidation number)

18
Q

Reducing agent

A

A substance that is oxidised/that loses electrons/whose oxidation number increases

19
Q

Oxidizing agent

A

A substance that is reduced/that gains electrons/whose oxidation number decreases

20
Q

Redox reaction (oxidation - reduction)

A

A reaction during which electron transfer takes place (it involves change in oxidation numbers)

Chemistry Paper 2 (6 decks)

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