Types of radiographs Flashcards
1
Q
Direct/intra-oral
A
- periapical (PA)
- bitewing (BW)
- occlusal
2
Q
Indirect/extra-oral
A
- panoramic (Pan)
- cephalometric (ceph)
- cone beam computed tomography (CBCI)
3
Q
Occlusal
A
- canine to canine
- trauma
- impacted teeth
- supernumerary teeth
4
Q
Cephlometric
A
LATERAL: - relationship of teeth and jaws - treatment changes - growth POSTERIOR - ANTERIOR (PA) - looking for tranverse asymmetry
5
Q
Cone beam computed technology
A
3 dimensional radiographic image 3 diffrent views from it: - axial - top/bottom view- - sagittal - side to side view - coronal - front to back view software also provides a 3D volumetric provider
- Implant planning - most common use, able to check bone quality, the quantity of bone, how high or how wide a certain alveolous ridge might be, you can look at where vital anatomy is
- Endodontics - to look at root fracture, root resporation and to better understand complex canal anatomy
- Orthodontics - to look at tooth impaction, the exact location and orientation of an impacted tooth and its relation to other tooth roots
- TMJ - to look at the condylar head, the fossa and the articulate eminence
- Pathology - good look at certain pathological lesions that might be obsuscated by a regular two- dimensional radiographic image
6
Q
Water’s view
A
the standard xray of choice for showing an anterior view of the paranasal sinsuses and midface and orbits
- angled PA ceph of skull
- best film of paranasal sinuses
xray source is behind patients face, angle is 45 degrees to the orbital-medial line
7
Q
Towne’s view
A
- angled PA ceph of skull
- best film to visualize condyle
film is under the head, and source is from the front, directed right at the condyle at about 30 degrees angle to the orbital medial line
8
Q
Submentrovertex view
A
- base projection of skull
- best film to visualise busilar skull and zygomatic fractures
9
Q
Bisecting angle technique
A
- central ray of xray beam aimed perpundicular to the imaginary bisector between long axis of tooth and long axis of receptor
10
Q
Paralleling technique
A
- receptor is placed parrallel to the long axis of the tooth
- central ray of xray beam aimed perpundicular to long axis of both tooth and receptor
11
Q
Common errors - with digital imaging
A
- elongation = most common error
- cone cut
- underexposed
- overexposed
- double exposure
12
Q
Common errors - panoramics
A
- motion - patients, swallowing physically moving around, moving their head, lines could appear wavy and irregular
- chin down = big smile
- chin up = frown
- ghosting
13
Q
Radiographic interpretation
A
interpretation principles:
- know what normal is - need to know what normal looks like in order to see abnormal
- compare right and left sides - particularly for panoramic xrays
- categorize the disease or abnormality
- start globally, then go locally
14
Q
Corticated unilocular
A
- radiolucent lesion
- one compartment
- radiopaque border
15
Q
Non-corticated unilocular
A
- radiolucent lesion
- one compartment
- no clear border
- edges are a bit more defuse and harder to trace
