Types of memory and Structure of Hippocampus Flashcards
Two forms of memory
Explicit (declarative) and implicit (non-declarative).
Two forms of explicit memory
Episodic and semantic
What is episodic memory?
Memory of specific events and experiences, encoding:
- sense of time
- location
Encoded in the lMTL.
What is semantic memory?
Memory of discrete facts and names, e.g. name of pet.
Encoded in the MTL.
Four types of implicit memory
Priming, associative learning, procedural memory and non-associative learning.
What is priming?
Encoded in the neocortex.
What is procedural memory?
Learning skills and habits. Eg learning how to drive a car - with practice and rehearsal it becomes automatic and unconscious.
Encoded in the striatum.
What is associative learning?
Pairing of more than 1 stimuli. E.g. operant conditioning and classical conditioning.
Encoded in the amygdala (emotional learning) and cerebellum (skeletal musculature).
What is non-associative learning?
Change in response to stimulus, e.g. habituation and sensitisation.
Occurs in reflex pathways, e.g. Aplysia.
Role of Entorhinal cortex
Relay centre for cortical input and output to hippocampal formation.
If damages, will affect memory.
e.g. Alzheimer’s disease.
What makes up the hippocampal formation?
Dentate gyrus
CA 1-4 (hippocampus proper)
Subiculum (sub., presubiculum and para-subiculum).
Trisynaptic pathways in the hippocampus formation
EC –> DG (perforant pathway)
DG –> CA3 (Mossy fibres)
CA3 –> CA1 (Schaffer collaterals)
