Types of LTM Flashcards
what are Episodic memories ?
-personal events
-particular time and place
-time-stanped
-explicit (declerative)
-conscious
what are Semantic memories?
-general knowledge
-not time stamped
-explicit
-conscious
what are Procedural memories?
-muscle memory
developed from rehearsal
-implicit
-unconscious
where is Episodic memory ?
Hipocumpus
where is Semantic memory?
Temporal lobe
where is Procedural memory ?
Cerebellum and Motor Cortex
eval 1 top
brain scans, support the presnece of these stores and that they are in dif places
eval 1 point
Episodic = hippocumpus
Semantic = temporal lobe
Procedural = cerebellum + motor cortex
eval 1 tail
theory of types of LTM is supported by brain scans
however activity in this areas doesnt mean these regions are responcible for these types of memory, as they can be active as a consequence not as a reason for them
correlation is not causation
eval 2 top
another case study supports stores of LTM
eval 2 point
HM
his hippocumpus was destroyed and ability to form new LTM was affected. Though still retained pre-exisitng LTM
still he was able to make new procedural memories. E.g. able to learn how to draw stras from looking at the reflection in a mirror. But he had no recollection how he made this skill or when
eval 2 tail
this suggests the difference between procedural and explicit memories and their dif locations in brain
supporting WMM
eval 2 double
case study
cant be generalised
indiv diff
BUT study of Clive Wearing supports = damamged semantic and episodic
but still was able to form procedural
eval 3 top
support for semantic and episodic memories being separate comes from studying people with Alzheimer’s (causes dimentia)
eval 3 point
Relationship between Episodic and seemantic was studied through patints with Alzheimer’s deseas who can retain the ability to form semantic memories, but can’t form episodic. Hodges and Patterson - this is single dissociation i.e separation between two abilities
Irish et al 2011- found double dissociation, those who have the opposite (forming episodic and not semantic)
eval 3 tail
this double dissociation suggests that episodic and semantic are separate, and that episodic may be a ‘gateway’ to semantic, but it is possible for semantic to be formed on its own.
