Types of LTM

Question 1

First

Answer 1

Tulving (1985) one of first cognitive psychologists to realise the way in which the MSM viewed LTM was too simplistic

Proposed that were were 3 LTM stores, each containing different information

Question 2

Episodic memory

Answer 2

Memories for past events or experiences that have happened to us, which we have to consciously remember

They are created by personally experiencing something

They are usually associated with the times and places we did things and our emotions about the event

Can be easily forgotten

E.g. what you had for breakfast

Question 3

Semantic memory

Answer 3

Memories for learnt facts and information, which we always have to consciously remember

Created by having learnt information or general knowledge, such as facts

Don’t tend to recall time and place we learnt them

Can be easily forgotten

E.g. your address

Question 4

Procedural memory

Answer 4

Memories of how to perform skills and actions, which become unconscious over time

They are created by repeating an activity multiple times

We find it difficult to explain to someone else because we recall them without conscious awareness

Resistant to forgetting

E.g. how to swim