Types of experiments

Question 1

Types of experiments

Answer 1

Laboratory
Field
Natural
Quasi

Question 2

Laboratory

Answer 2

-Takes place in a highly controlled setting
-IV is manipulated and the DV is measured.

Question 3

Field

Answer 3

-Takes place in a natural, more everyday setting
-IV is manipulated and the DV is measured.

Question 4

Natural

Answer 4

-The researcher takes advantage of pre-existing conditions
-IV is not manipulated and the DV is measured

Question 5

Quasi

Answer 5

-IV is based on an existing difference between people.

Question 6

Evaluating the experimental method- lab

Answer 6

Strength
+High control over extraneous variables.
+Replication of studies are possible due to the high level of control.

Weaknesses
+People may know that they are in an experiment and may work out what is being tested. Hence, demand characteristics
+Lack generalisability because of environment and tasks are artificial.

Question 7

Evaluating the experimental method- field

Answer 7

Strengths
+Higher mundane realism than other types of experiments because the environment is more natural.

Weaknesses
+Lack of control of extraneous variables.
+Ethical issues due to the lack of consent of participants.

Question 8

Evaluating the experimental method- Natural

Answer 8

Strengths
+Opportunities for research may not normally be undertaken. Hard to be artificially tested.

Weaknesses
+The opportunities happen rarely. Hence, no generalisability.
+Participants are not randomly allocated to experimental conditions.

Question 9

Evaluating the experimental method- Quasi

Answer 9

Strengths
+Often carried out in controlled conditions. Hence, high reliability.

Weaknesses
+Cannot randomly allocate participants.
+The IV is harder to control.

Question 10

Experimental designs
-3 ways

Answer 10

+Refers to the way in which participants are arranged in relation to the different conditions in the experiment.

1. Independant Groups
2. Repeated measures
3. Matched pairs

Question 11

Independant groups

Answer 11

+This involves different groups of participants in each condition.
+May consist of a control and one or more experimental design.

Question 12

Repeated measures

Answer 12

+This involves the same group of participants in each condition

Question 13

Matched pair

Answer 13

+This involves different groups of participants in each condition of the experiment.
+However, each participant in one condition is closely matched to a participant in the other condition.