Extraneous and confounding variables

Question 1

Variables in psychological research
Operationalisation

Answer 1

IV- The variable that is manipulated by the researcher
DV- The variable that is measured by the researcher.
Operationalisation= Clearly defining variables in terms of how they can be manipulated or measured.

Question 2

Extraneous variables

Answer 2

Any variable other than the IV that could affect the results of the study it it is not controlled

Question 3

Confounding variables

Answer 3

A variable other than the IV the did cause the results to change as it was not controlled

Question 4

Participant variables

Answer 4

Any individual differences between the participants that could the DV

Question 5

Situational variables

Answer 5

Any feature of the experimental situation that might affect the DV.

Question 6

Demand characteristics

Answer 6

-An extraneous variable
-When participants change their behaviour as a result of figuring out the aim of the study.

Question 7

Investigator effects

Answer 7

-An extraneous variable
-Occurs when a researcher unintentionally or unconsciously influences the outcome of any research they are conducting

Question 8

Methods of controlling the effect of extraneous variables

Answer 8

Randomisation
Standardisation

Question 9

Randomisation

Answer 9

The use of control methods to reduce the researchers unconscious bias when designing and investigating.

Question 10

Standardisation

Answer 10

As far as possible, all participants should be subjected to the same enviroment