Types Of Communication Flashcards
What are the advantages of Written Communication?
•Documentation- it keeps records.
•Reference
•Can be used as evidence in legal matters.
•It gives time to reflect.(gives time to the receiver/sender)
•It is precise and accurate (direct and to the point)
What are the disadvantages of Written Communication?
•it takes longer to get feedback
•it takes time to prepare
•once message has been sent it is nearly impossible to correct
•lack of personal touch i.e it is impersonal
•it is expensive compared to oral communication it requires stationery.
•it only works for people that are literate i.e requires skill.
Define oral communication
•It is about conveying/sharing of information through spoken words.
•most of the communication is done orally.
What are the characteristics of Oral Communication?
•immediacy (it happens in real time)
•messages are affected by tone of voice.
•it has personal touch
What the advantages of Oral Communication?
•allows for incorporation of non-verbal cues.
•there is immediate feedback
•allows for interaction (there are turns)
•it is flexible
•it can be used by people who are illeterate.
•it does not take time to prepare
•it is affordable
•it helps in building relationships and trust
What are the disadvantages of oral Communication?
•there is no documentation/record keeping
•it is difficult to reference
•it can easily be resisted
•it doesn’t give much time for the sender/receiver to reflect.
•it is not ideal in legal matters.
•it may be time consuming because of the many things involved.
•it gives one less time to reflect.
•they may be a language barrier.
•not suitable for lengthy communication.
Define graphic communication
This is communication that involves the use of visual elements e.g pictures,graphs, diagrams,charts,billboards,drawings.
What are the characteristics of graphic communication?
•it uses visual elements
•they are a simplified form of communication
•their understanding is universal
What are the advantages of graphic communication?
•it is captivative
•it is simplified
•it transcends language barriers
•it easy to interpret
•it is memorable
What are the disadvantages of graphic communication?
•variability in interpretation in the sense that visuals can be interpreted differently by different people based on experiences, backgrounds leading to misunderstandings and misinterpretation of the message
Define multimedia communication
This is a platform that allows audio,text and or videos.
What are the characteristics of multimedia communications?
•it is highly interactive.
•allows for the inclusion of different forms of communication.
•rich in content
•it is quite complex
•it relies heavily on technology
What are the disadvantages of multimedia communication?
*it is easy to access explicit information.
*it is costly.
*heavily depends on technology.
*easy to spread misinformation.
What are the advantages of multimedia communication?
•allows one to filter the audience.
•flexible because it accommodates many devices.
•there is wide spread of information
•allows a large number of people to communicate at once.
Define non-verbal Communication.
•process of conveying messages without the use of spoken or written words.
•messages are conveyed through body movements and behavior
List the types of non-verbal communication.
1.Facial Expressions (smile,frown)
2.Gestures (head movements)
3.Haptics (communication through touch)
4.Paralanguage/ linguistics (tone of voice,pitch,loudness)
5.Body posture (the way one sits,lies down or sleeps)
6.Eye Contact (whether or not someone is interested,sincere etc)
7.Proximity (distance between the speaker and the listener)
8.Appearance (how one dresses)
What are the functions of non-verbal communication?
•Reinforcement
(can be used to duplicate and support a verbal message)
•Substitution
(sometimes it can be more expressive and meaningful)
•Contradiction
(It can result in mixed messages)
•Accentuation
(Adds intensity or power to reinforcement)
•Regulation
(Helps us to take turns in speaking without using words so that we don’t disturb others)
•Perform Rituals
(Such as greetings,clapping, kneeling and saluting)
List the characteristics of non-verbal communication.
•no use of words
•culturally determined
•different meaning
•vague and imprecise
•may conflict with verbal message
•largely unconscious
•shows feelings and attitudes
•informality
Define Organizational Communication
This is the sending and receiving of messages between an individual and it’s stakeholders.
•Includes both internal communication and external communication.
List the two types of Communication
•formal communication
•informal communication
Define formal communication
•this is flow of information through formally established channels in an organization.
•type of communication may be oral or written.
What are the characteristics of formal communication?
•mostly controlled by managers
•it is hierarchical in nature and associated with the superior and subordinate relationship.
•linked with formal status and positions of a person.
•it may be upward, downward or horizontal.
What are the advantages of formal communication?
•follows the principle of unity of command.
•there is orderly flow of information and it is systematic.
•helps in fixing responsibilities for better efficiency.
•managers have full control of nature and direction of communication.
•helps in maintaining authority.
•flow of instruction is very specific,clear and definite.
•helpful in maintaining direct contact with subordinates.
What are the disadvantages of formal communication?
•time consuming
•lacks personal contacts and relationship
•it may be resisted and distorted
•it delays the communication message due to the formal procedure
•it obstructs the free,smooth and accurate circulation of information
Define Effective Communication
The message sent is the message that is received.
Conveying messages in an accurate and timely manner
Is a good message
What is used to measure the goodness or the badness of a message?
Checklists
