Types of bone Flashcards
what are the two types of bone
compact/dense bone
cancellous/spongy bone
where are the two types of bone located
compact bone is located on the cortex of mature bone and is dense
cancellous bone is located on the interior of bones e.g. epiphysis and medullary cavity
what is the bones cortex
it is the outer layer of bone
how is compact bone arranged
its arranged in osteones allinged in the same direction to witrhstand considerable force
they also contain blood vessels, nerves and lymph vessells from the periosteum in the perforating canals
what is the fujnction of the perfoirating canals
they libnk withe the central canal which runs longitudinally through the bone
what type of bone is made out of spongy/trabecular bone
short, flat and irregular shaped bone and the epyphesis of long bone
they are alson arranged along lines of stress to help to withstrand stress and transfer force without braking
why is it important to understaned the regular structure of bone
so that yu can be able to identify irregular structure
name the 5 categories of bone
short- carpal bones
long- humerus
flat - skull
sesamoid - patella/knee caps
irregular - vertebra
what are the properties of long bone
consists of a shaft on compoact bone with a central medullary cavity
expanded ends formed from cancellous bone and covered by compact bone
e.g phalanges femur radius ulna
what are the properties of short bone
formed by cancellous bone nwith a thin outer coationg of compact bone
e,.g the carpal bones
what are the properties of flat bone
formed by a thin layer of cancellous bone inbetween 2 thin layers of compoact bone
these bones are found in places wherre protection of underlying organ s or where extensive muscle attatchment is required
e.g. ribs, skull
properties of irregular bone
mad3e of cancellous bone with an outer coating of compact bone
e.g. facial bones, hip bones, vertebrea
properties of sesamoid bone
develops in the tendons near joint and they work to protect the tendons frtom wearing out
