types of authority, political organizations, social actions Flashcards
What is authority
- The right to command.
- When an individual has a command to make a person do things.
authority vs power
authority (voluntary) power (by force)
Value whereby something or someone is recognized and accepted as right and proper
legitimacy
types of authority and leadership style
Traditional (historical personality)
Charismatic (Dynamic personality extraordinary qualities that demand obedience)
Rational-Legal (based on law/democratic)
- Is legitimated by the sanctity of tradition.
- The ability and right to rule is passed down, often through heredity.
traditional authority
examples of traditional authority
monarchy, feudalism
Japan’s emperor: Hironomiya Naruhito
United Kingdom’s king: King Charles III
Found in a leader whose mission and vision is to inspire others.
- Associated with charismatic leaders whose authority comes from the followers’ belief in the leaders’ special personal qualities.
charismatic leadership
examples of charismatic leadership
religious leaders, cult leaders, benevolent leaders
- Found in a leadership that is goal-oriented for the benefit of society.
- Empowered by a formalistic belief in the content of the law (legal) or natural law (rationality).
- Form of authority in the modern state.
rational legal authority
examples of rational legal authority
duly elected government officials, bureaucrats, private corporations
- Is usually small formed by several families living together.
- Without a well-defined system of leadership.
- Are egalitarian (relating to or believing in the principle that all people are equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities).
- Has a communal way of life.
- No class differentiation based on wealth.
- Status difference is on a well-defined gender and age basis.
band
As the population increases, the tendency of conflict also increases. This conflict leads to
“band fissioning” or band splitting
Is more complex and larger than a band.
- Changes/shifting from a basic form of livelihood to a multiple way of living.
- Organized through pantribal associations in the form of councils, tribal leaders, elders.
- egalitarian
tribe
tribes are headed by
village headman
Colonization of tribes.
- A more defined political organization.
- Has more or less a permanent, full time leader.
- Formal leadership exists and authority rests solely on the members of a select family
- Power is inherited
chiefdom
types of chiefdom
- Simple Chiefdom
Characterized by a single village or community ruled by a single family. - Complex Chiefdom
Composed of several simple chiefdoms ruled by a single paramount chief residing in a simple paramount center.
nation vs state
Nation
common history
language
traditions
customs
habits
ethnicity
State
population
territory
government
sovereignty
Taking steps to change the things that are wrong in the society and introducing new ideas and processes for doing things better in the future
social action
characteristics of social action
- may be influenced by an action of the past, present, or future.
- presupposes the existence of another individual and some action by him.
- Necessity of subjective meaning (aware of actions and be sure that it benefits other people)
- It is oriental in its course.
types of social action
- Traditional Action
customary habits - Value Rational Action
substantive goal which may not be rational nonetheless pursued. - Means Ends Rationality Action
Both goals and means are rationally chosen. - Affectual Action
determined by the emotional state
unplanned.
