Types of Aphasia Flashcards
Describe Brocas (nonfleunt) fluency, comprehension, repetition, and naming
Fluency- impaired
comprehension-spared
repetition- impaired
naming- impaired
Describe global (nonfluent) fluency, comprehension, repetition, and naming
Fluency- impaired
comprehension-impaired
repetition- impaired
naming- impaired
Describe TMA (nonfleunt) fluency, comprehension, repetition, and naming
Fluency- impaired
comprehension-spared
repetition- spared
naming- impaired
Describe MTA (nonfluent) fluency, comprehension, repetition, and naming
Fluency- impaired
comprehension-impaired
repetition- spared
naming- impaired
Broca’s clincial rundown
grammar-sterotypic~nonpropostional
Key features of Broca’s
1.Agrammatism: grammar reduced to simplest forms, limited speech output; omitted yet obligatory parts of speech
2. awkward, effortful articulation
3. Relatively intact A/C, R/C
Generally good awareness/comprehension
4. Somewhat reduced prosody/melody
Additional diagnoses often associated with Broca’s aphasia
- Apraxia (motor planning, programming, intiation)
- R hemiplegia (paralysis) hand, arm, leg
- R hemiparesis (weakness) hand, arm, leg, face
- Dysarthria (weakness)
Artery that supplies Brocas
left middle cerebral artery, superior branch
Broca’s aphasia additional SOL
White matter deep to Broca’s. Superior longitudinal fasciculus (dorsal) . Extreme capsule (ventral)
Broca’s clinical rundown two
ORAL EXPRESSION–>nonfleunt–SYNTAX– agrammatic–OUTPUT– telegraphic
SEMANTICS- severe anomia (not retrieving words)
Global aphsia is severaly impaired in all language modalities
AC, RC,
OE, & WE
-Likely nonverbal
-Alert & aware, can recognize people, places
-May gesture, use facial expression, point
-Cannot communicate through symbolic language
SOL of Global
entire perisylvian region
Blood Supply of Global aphasia
Blood supply from both major branches of MCA
-Damage to BOTH anterior and posterior language regions
Transcortical Motor characteristics
REPETITION INTACT!! (so… fluent repetition?)
Impaired spontaneous speech
-Can’t produce own, but can repeat others language…..
-Limited organization & initiation of own speech, -language
Could provide one-word responses (yes, no)
-Otherwise, much like Broca’s
R hemiparesis
Paucity, slowness of moveents
Transcoritcal Motor SOL
more varied, smaller Outside of Broca’s area!!! Just anterior to Broca’s, And/or deep to Broca’s May involve supplemental motor areas anterior to 1* motor strip
Blood supply to Transcortical Motor
ACA, and anterior branch of MCA
Transcortical motor aphasia- lesions seperate premotr cortex from Broca’s so…
Cannot plan/sequence their own intended language-sentence. But, can repeat someone else’s sequenced phonemes/intended sentence
Transcortical output and syntax
agrammatic speech~syntax errors
paraphrasic errors~literal and verbal
SOL of wenicke’s aphasia
posterior, superior L temporal, auditory association, & surrounding parietal regions
May also involve medial temporal lobe
Angular gyrus
Blood supply for Wernicke’s
L MCA, inferior division
Wernickes issues
- Lack of awareness huge problem
- No apparent physical issues!! (no hemi)
- Minimal frustration, sound confused
- May become depressed, isolated, paranoid
Wernicke’s clinical rundown
ORAL EXPRESSION- fleunt- sterotypicSYNTAX-paragrammatic- neologisitc~SEMANTICS-nonpropositonal, mosltly propostional- paraphsic errors (unintentional)
Wernicke’s output and grammar
paraphsic speech~literal, verbal and/or neologistic jargonistic
-intact grammar- mixture of intact and innacuate, variety of syntax
SOL for transcorical sensory aphasia
posterior temporoparietal region (supramarginal, angular)
Spares Wernicke’s area & arcuate fasciculus
Allows brain to auditorily interpret SOMEONE ELSE’S spoken input and send forward to Broca’s for speech repetition! BUT
But lesions to association areas prevent Wernicke’s from accessing semantic knowledge or experience or other associational input
Transcortical sensory aphasia output and grammar
- full of paraphasia-semantic and neologistic
- naming severely impaired
- meaningless speech-intact reptition
SOL for conduction
- Arcuate fasciculus, (circuit between Broca’s and Wernicke’s, even though B & W are intact)
- Anywhere along these fibers… more anterior makes it less fluent; more posterior makes it more fluent
In conduction aphasia repitition is disproportionally impaired to
spontaneous speech. PRimary feature– CANNOT REPEAT
Receptive skills for conduction
AC is near normal
May comprehend what they struggle to repeat
RC generally not significantly impaired
Conduction Aphasia disrupted repetition
Paraphasic—literal
Becomes worse as length increases
Becomes worse as familiarity decreases
More difficult to repeat functor words
Describe conduction aphasia in terms of syntax
paragrammatic- order of words, misappropriation of syntactical structures. Syntax might not be bad
Describe conduction aphasia in terms of semantics
paraphasic- verbal (might be related word), neologistic
Main problem in conduction aphasia
Repetition disproportionately impaired to spontaneous speech!!!
Conduction- AC? RC?
-AC is near normal
May comprehend what they struggle to repeat
-RC generally not significantly impaired
Anomic aphasia main problem
Main problem here is word-retrieval!!!!
Anomia is a…
symptom
anomic is a…
type of aphasia
Anomic aphasia SOL
- Temporal-parietal, generally
- May extend into angular gyrus (WE, RC)
- Least SOL-based of all aphasias
Anomic fluent?
yes-lengthy runs of speech, variety of syntax, not effortful, prosody and melody.
anomic syntax?
relatively intact, good. Not use paragramtic (most fluents are paragramtic)
Anomic AC? RC?
-AC relatively preserved But may fail to discern qualitative difference between words -RC may vary Could be fine Could be severe
Anomic- OE?
Fluent
Good repetition!!
Grammatic!!
Word-finding errors
No paraphasias
Yet “empty” speech
Circumlocutions
Deliberately try to explain thing
Vague qualityAnomic WE
may vary- fine to severe
