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Electro & Bio Physiological Agents > Type of TENS > Flashcards

Type of TENS Flashcards

1
Q

Types of TENS

A 
sensory level 
motor level 
noxious level 
sub sensory level 
peripheral nerve block
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2
Q

Sensory Level TENS

A

provides stimulation at or above sensory threshold but below motor

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3
Q

Pain theory for sensory level TENS

A

gate control

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4
Q

Sensory Level TENS Neuron stimulation

A

stimulation to large diameter A-beta fibers activates the SG to inhibit transmission of pain from the A delta and C

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5
Q

Sensory TENS pulse duration

A

2 - 50 usec

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6
Q

sensory TENS amplitude

A

increase to create effect (buzzing/tingling)

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7
Q

sensory TENS frequency

A

50 to 100 pps (50 pps common)

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8
Q

sensory TENS treatment time

A

20-30 minutes

can be used up to 23 hours

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9
Q

Modulations

A

BURST MODE

prevent sensory accommodation

machine changes frequency, pulse duration, amplitude, on/off times or a combination

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10
Q

Uses of Sensory TENS

A
  • post-op pain
  • acute pain
  • labor and delivery pain
  • hypersensitvity
  • phantom pain
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11
Q

Motor level TENS

A

low rate or acupuncture like

creates rhythmic non-fused muscle contractions

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12
Q

Pain theory for motor level TENS

A

supraspinal mechanism (endorphin system) so can create a longer lasting effect after treatment session ends (hours)

Gate theory could also work with low amplitudes

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13
Q

pulse duration for Motor TENS

A

150-300 usec

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14
Q

amplitude for Motor TENS

A

increase until there is contraction

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15
Q

Frequency for Motor TENS

A

2-4 pps

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16
Q

Treatment time for Motor TENS

A

30-45 minutes

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17
Q

Modulation for Motor TENS

A

not important since effect on motor system

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18
Q

uses for Motor TENS

A
  • chronic pain
  • deep paini (visceral)
  • throbbing type pain
19
Q

Noxious level TENS

A

applied to pain fibers usually via a probe

can be applied directly to the area or to a remote area

follows acupuncture points

endorphin system

20
Q

pulse duration Noxious level TENS

A

2 msec to 1 sec

21
Q

frequency Noxious level TENS

A

1-6 or > 100 pps

22
Q

amplitude Noxious level TENS

A

increase to get noxious response

23
Q

treatment time Noxious level TENS

A

seconds to minutes

24
Q

uses for Noxious level TENS

A

trigger points and chronic pain

25
Q

Sub-sensory or Microcurrent TENS

A
  • monophasic or direct current
  • patient feels little or no sensation when on
  • wound healing agen
26
Q

pain theory for Sub-sensory or Microcurrent TENS

A

mimics bioelectric potential

27
Q

Peripheral Nerve Block

A

can provide analgesia in order for a short painful procedure to be performed

blocks painful signal from reaching CNS via peripheral nerve

28
Q

pulse duration Peripheral Nerve Block

A

> 150 usec

29
Q

frequency Peripheral Nerve Block

A

50-100 pps

30
Q

amplitude Peripheral Nerve Block

A

increase until get analgesia (higher than sensory)

may get a slight contraction

31
Q

treatment time Peripheral Nerve Block

A

apply during procedure (usually 5-10 minutes)

32
Q

Electrode Placement

A

-over area of pain
-proximal to site of pain
-bracket the pain
-spinal nerve root to area of pain
-distal to pain over nerve going through area
-superficial aspect of peripheral nerve to area
-motor point
-trigger point
-dermatome/myotome area
-acupuncture point
-

33
Q

Diagnoses TENS may help

A
  • Peripheral nerve injuries
  • osteoarthritis
  • incisional pain
  • musculoskeletal trauma
  • bruns
  • chronic pain
34
Q

Poor response to TENS

A
  • central pain (injury to CNS)
  • psychosomatic pain
  • pain in a person with drug addiciton
35
Q

Choosing a TENS unit

A
  • waveform: usually biphasic symmetrical
  • pulse duration: 2 usec to 1 sec
  • frequency: 1 to 100 pps
  • channels: at least 2
  • modulation to prevent accommodation
36
Q

russian current

A

typically use for strong muscle contractions

high frequency carrier wave throughout to penetrate tissue more effectively

37
Q

interferential

high frequency carrier wave

A

-relies on 2 waveforms intersecting each other

38
Q

interferential amplitude modulated effect

A

requires 4 electrodes

most commonly used in pain management

39
Q

High Volt Pulsed Current

A

has less anodal and cathodal effects on tissue due to short PF and high voltage

wound healing

can create muscle contraction in smaller muscles

40
Q

High Volt for Pain Control

A

can be used for pain management via sensory tens

41
Q

Magnetic Stimulation

A

uses pulsed magnetic field to stimulate to obtain a contraction and for pain management

42
Q

magnetic stimulation disadvantages & advantages

A

D - difficult to identify coil placement near a nerve

A - painless to patient

43
Q

Neuroaxial implants for pain

dorsal column stimulators

A

used to control severe pain

gate theory and AB fibers are stimulated directly

44
Q

Neuroaxial implants for pain

motor cortex stimulation

A

done but mechanisms and effectiveness are still under debate

Electro & Bio Physiological Agents (3 decks)

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