Tutorial 4 - Article 1 - The role of justice in organizations

Question 1

What are the three types of justice examined in terms of organizational fairness?

Answer 1

Distribute, procedural and interactional justice

Question 2

What is distributive justice?

Answer 2

The perceived fairness of outcomes (payment, promotions, etc.)

Question 3

What is procedural justice?

Answer 3

The perceived fairness of the process by which outcomes were arrived at

Question 4

What is interactional justice?

Answer 4

The perceived fairness in interpersonal treatment and communication by management to employees

Question 5

What are justice perceptions influenced by?

Answer 5

1) outcomes one receives from the organization
2) organizational practices (procedures/interactions
3) characteristics of the perceiver

Question 6

What perceiver characteristics influience justice perceptions?

Answer 6

Demographics and personality

Question 7

What are core outcomes of justice perceptions?

Answer 7

1) Performance
2) Extra-role behavior (OCB)
3) Counterproductive work behavior
4) Attitudes and emotions

Question 8

Why might some employees alter their work performance due to perceived injustice?

Answer 8

In order to restore balance and compensate perceived injustice

Question 9

What are organizational citizenship behaviors?

Answer 9

Organizationally beneficial behaviors and gestures that can neither be enforced on the basis of formal role obligations nor elicited by contractual guarantee of recompense

Question 10

Is the distinction between the three types of justice (distributive, procedural and interactional) justified?

Answer 10

Yes, based on the study they are sufficiently different

Question 11

Do demographic characteristics of the perceiver play a role in justice perceptions?

Answer 11

Generally only a minor role. People generally perceive justice similarly

Question 12

What personality variables play a role in justice perceptions?

Answer 12

Negative affectivity is related to procedural justice and interactional justice, more so than distributive justice. People high in negative affectivity perceive events in a more negative way

Question 13

What do we know about the outcomes of organizational justice in terms of performance and counterproductive behavior?

Answer 13

Procedural justice is the best predictor of work performance and of counterproductive behavior

Question 14

What do we know about the outcomes of organizational justice in terms of organizational citizenship behavior?

Answer 14

All three justice forms are related to organizational citizenship behavior