Turning points 3: Sexual Reproduction Flashcards

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1
Q

What is sexual reproduction?

A

Alternation between meiosis (creating hapliod forms) and syngamy - Fusion of gametes - (creates diploid forms)

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2
Q

What is Asexual Reproduction?

A

Most organisms reproduce Asexually.
Species:
Bacteria, archaea, many fungi, some animals, and land plants

Bacteria/archaea: binary fission

Eukaryotes: mitosis

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3
Q

What is the Red Queen Hypothesis and prediction?

A

Hypothesis:
Co-evolutionary interaction between host and pathogens creates ever-changing environmental conditions.
Prediction:
This will favour long-term maintenance of sexual reproduction (especially outcrossing)

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4
Q

What is Isogamy?

A

Isogamy (ancestral state)
- Gametes equal in size and mobility

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5
Q

What is Anisogamy?

A

Anisogamy (derived state)
- Gametes unequal in size, both still mobile

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6
Q

What is Oogamy?

A

Oogamy (derived state)
- Continued gamete differentiation.
- One gamete is large and immobile.
- One gamete is small and mobile.

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7
Q

Advantages of large gametes:

A
  • Well provisioned
  • Enough cytoplasm to begin early development of the embryo.
  • Increased target size (easier for other gametes to find)
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8
Q

Advantage of small gametes:

A
  • Increased mobility (better able to find other gametes)
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