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Local 52 Test > Tungsten arsenal > Flashcards

Tungsten arsenal Flashcards

1
Q

Tungsten lamp

A

light is created by running electrical current through a tungsten filament until it glows.
Filament is held in an inert gas inside the sealed glass bulb to prevent the filament from simply being incinerated.
Powered by either AC or DC

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2
Q

tungsten halogen lamp

A

type of incandescent that contains special regenerative elements to prevent deposits of tungsten from blackening the globe

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3
Q

halogen cycle

A

halogen carries evaporated tungsten back to the filament to be reused. prevents blackening

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4
Q

why are tungsten lamps made of quartz?

A

the halogen cycle must occur at a high temperature (at least 250 C) quartz can withstand a high temperature

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5
Q

LCL

A

lamp center length
defines the position of the center of the filament of the lamp, centers it with respect to the reflector, the lens, and other optical elements

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6
Q

why use an alternative globe?

A

frosted instead of clear glass
different wattage or color temp
globe with lower color temp may have a longer lamp life

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7
Q

what must be true to use diff globe in a fixture

A

same lamp base

same LCL, lamp center length

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8
Q

fresnel fixture

A

designed to create wide, even field of light with adjustable intensity and field size
makes clean, hard shadows
named for fresnel lens
has sphericalreflector
globe and reflector mounted together, moved toward or away from the lens

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9
Q

Fresnel lens

A

refacts the diverging rays of light emitted by the bulb into a controlled beamof light
has the same light bending as a standard plan-convex lens, but compresses the convex curve into jagged steps, making it lighter and thinner, so it retains less heat
back of the lens is frosted or slightly peddled, helps maintain a very even bean, prevents it from projecting an image of the fialment

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10
Q

spherical reflector

A

gives fresnel its high level of control and even field
reflects light straight back through the bulb
therefore all light eminates from a single point within the fixture
polished reflector- maximizes light output
frosted reflector- maintains even field

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11
Q

FLood/spot on Fresnel

A

globe and reflector move together
toward the lens, floods, increasing spread and decreasing intensity
away from lens, spots, makes beam narrower and more intense

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12
Q

fresnel beam

A

Flood- beam even across 40 deg, falls off quickly toward edge. no central hotspot
spotted in- rays become less divergent, more nearly parallel, beam narrows and gets brighter at the center, falling off rapidly at either side
full spot- usable portion 10 deg

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13
Q

throw

A

distance from light to the subject

greater throw in spot position

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14
Q

usable light in a field

A

area of light that has an intensity of at least 10% of the peak value

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15
Q

beam/ “working light”

A

area of light that has an intensity of at least 50% of the peak value

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16
Q

hot spot

A

bright spot within the beam

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17
Q

cd

A

candela, unit of luminous intensity(candle power) equal to

cd= foot candles x (distance in feet)^2

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18
Q

where does fresnel make its hardest, most delineated shadows

A

full flood

the more spotted, the less hard the shadow lines appear

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19
Q

where does fresnel make fuzzier shadows?

A

full spot

rays are nearly parallel, but some converge slightly and cross one another, creates fuzziness in shadows

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20
Q

fresnel accessories

A

barndoors, set of scrims, snoot

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21
Q

scrim

A

stainless steel wire screen used to reduce the intensity of the light

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22
Q

single scrim

A

loose wire weave, green ring, cuts light by half stop

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23
Q

double scrim

A

tighter wire weave, red ring, cuts light by full stop

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24
Q

hollywood set

A

single, two doubles, half-single, half double, gel frame

some have quarter and graduated

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25
Q

half-scrims

A

affect one half of the beam

used to even out intensity of light as subject moves

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26
Q

gel frame

A

only holds gels or diffusion for short spans of time

can melt onto scrims

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27
Q

barn doors

A

control of edges of beam, soft cut
big doors horizontal- chinese
big doors vertical- american

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28
Q

snoot

A

for a confined, narrow, circular beam
wide- top hat
narrow-stovepipe
some have rings with diff aperture sizes to adjust beam width

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29
Q

top hat

A

wide snoot

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30
Q

stovepipe

A

narrow snoot

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31
Q

focal spot

A

attachment that changes fresnel light into spotlight
creates narrow, bright, even circle
framing shutters
accepts gobos, mattesinterchangeable lenstubes- wide beam and narrow beam
gel ring

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32
Q

shutters

A 
heavy duty louvers or blinds
rows of parallel slats that open and close
mounted on the front of a light
when light needs to change during shot
keep far from subject
lightning effects
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33
Q

20k fresnel

A

typically 30 in lens
stand alone dimmer used to bring to full, prevents inrush current from blowing bulb
available in 208, 220, 230, 240 V
match lamp to voltage

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34
Q

ANSI code

A

American National standards Institute

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35
Q

Bipostal lamp base

A

most larger fresnels

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36
Q

bayonet base

A

smaller lamps

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37
Q

installing 2k globes

A

lights 2000w and larger, screw in base tightens the base around the pins

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38
Q

Open face flood/spot

A

reflector farther forward, spot

reflector farther back, flood

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39
Q

Access inside of fresnel

A

1) 1k and up, lens door swings open on a hinge
2) baby-baby, top of housing swings back on hinge
3) top of pepper swings open to one side
4) lens of midhet held in place by metal tab

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40
Q

tilt angle

A

fresnels should be hung rightside down

larger expensive globes, some tilted within 45 deg of vertical

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41
Q

soft lights

A

designed to produce diffsued light with less-defined shadows
light from tubular globes directed into white concave reflector, wide,even, uncontrollle spread
used for fill and room ambiance
less light per watt than fresnels
multiple globes switched on and off individuallly

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42
Q

soft light accessories

A

egg crate- black, metal grid control spill
snoot
gel frame/diffusor frame, front of snoot
usually no scrims

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43
Q

Bag lights

A

fabric softbox/chimera, acccessory designed to create pleasing soft light by diffusing the light rays and enlarging the size of the source, containing light between fixture and diffusion

44
Q

Open face lights

A

fixture without a lens
simpler, less expensive, less refined, beam not clean like a fresnel
light comes from the lam and the reflector, creating a double shadow line
good bounce lights, good for lighting background
prime fixtures, broads, nooklight, portable light kits

45
Q

Prime fixtures

A

use a double-ended lamp
round face, adjustable reflector for flood/spot control
barn doors and scrim set
lightweight, durable, high intensity/watt
more controllabe than broads and nook lights
all mount on baby stud
need large barn doors
run very hot, need ventilation

46
Q

Flood/spot on open face prime fixtures

A

when the globe is close to the reflector, reflector sends out a wide beam, when globe pulled away form the reflector, reflects more of the rays in a narrower beam

47
Q

Broad and nook lights

A

long double-ened bulb and curved or v-shaped reflector

cheap, small, light

48
Q

PAR lights- PAR reflector

A

either:
those that use PAR lamp
those that use a single-ended axially mounted lamp in a fixture having a parabolic reflector
lamp filament placed at the focal point of a polished aluminum paraboli reflector, light is projected formt he reflector in parallel rays
rays pass through a spreader lens
punchy, bright beam
the most output per way
1kPAR with very narrow spot lens bright as a 10k fresnel, much smaller beam size

49
Q

PAR lamps

A

all optical parts of par light contain ed within the PAR lamp
filament, envelope, lens, reflector one permanently sealed unit

50
Q

Most common PAR lamp sizes

A

8 in PAR 64 (500-1000w)

4 1/2 in PAR 36 (usually 650w)

51
Q

Beam shape, Medium flood and wide lens

A

elliptical beam, not circular

lamp can be turned to orient the beam

52
Q

Narrowest, most intense PAR beam

A

ACL (aircraft landing) light

operate at 28V, can be wired in series in gangs of 4 and connected to 120V

53
Q

Dichrotic reflector PARs

A

FAY- dichroic PAR 36
5000K
650w

54
Q

Par cans

A

Par lamp mounted at the back of a coffee-can like cylinder, extended snoot and gel frame
typically 10 in gel frame

Types;
PAR 64
PAR 56, 46, 38, 16

55
Q

Molepars, Master Lite, Cine-queen

A

PAR 64 lamp housing with earsto hold barn doors and scrims

more spill

56
Q

Par arrays

A 
1, 2, 4, 6, 9, 12, 24, 36 lamps
most common, nine-light PAR- MaxiBrute
rest referred to by number in cluster
contain pods of 3-6
pod can be swiveled
57
Q

Maxi-Brute

A

9-light 64 PAR array

58
Q

Dino

A

24-light PAR 64 array

aka Moleeno

59
Q

Super Dino

A

36-light PAR 64 array

60
Q

Mini-brute

A

nine-light

smaller PAR 36 nine-light

61
Q

ARRI Ruby-7

A

seven PAr 64 globes mounted in a circle than hinges from outside ring. beams can converge, or diverge, or unite in parallel beam

62
Q

Axially-mounted par fixtures

A

highest wattage PAR is 1200w
Mole recently axially mounted tungsten lamps, Tungsten Pars- 2k, 5k, 12k, changeable lens
12k par comparable in output to 20k fresnel, 60% less power, 60% less heat
allow adjustment of lamp, but nto really flood spot, for evenness and brightness of beam

63
Q

SOurce Four Par- ETC

A

uses HPL 575w (comparable to PAR 64 1000w)
and 750w (brighter than PAR 64 1000w)
3250K 750w, 575w, 375w
also 3050K long life version
VNSP, NSP, MFL, WFL, and XWFL
top hat snoot, gel extender, concentric ring snoot, barn doors

64
Q

Mac Tech Tungsten

6- 9-, 12- light arrays

A

axially mounted lamps, reduce weight and lamp cost

aluminum frame

65
Q

Ellipsoidal Reflector spotlights (ERS)

A 
ellipsoidal, profile spotlight, Leko, Source Four
strong throw, versatility, control to light areas of stage
can make hard cuts when no room
 for flags
shaped by:
shutters- shape beam edges into square
gobo slot- gobo pattern
iris- shrinks radius of field
66
Q

Source Four lens- relatinpship between intensity and beam angle

A

narrower the beam angle, greater the throw and instensity and smaller the field
(fill a screen in limited space, 70 or 90 degree)
(far away, 14, 10, or 5 degree)

67
Q

Standard Source Four Lenses

A 
5
10
14
19
26
36
50
70
90
15-30 Zoom
25-50 Zoom
68
Q

EDLT

A

Enhanced Definition Lens Tube

69
Q

EDLT Options

A 
Degrees, Lens Diameter and focusl length
19- 6x16 
26- 6x12
36- 6x9
50- 4 1/2 x 6
70
Q

6 in Lens, 9 in focal length

A

36 degree

71
Q

6 in lens, 16 in focal length

A

19 degree

72
Q

6 in lens, 12 inch focal length

A

26 degree

73
Q

4.5 in lens, 6 in focal length

A

50 degree

74
Q

Adjusting alignment of Source Four lamp

A

normally adjusted for even field, but if want to increase center brightness
Outer knob centers lamp
Inner knob adjusts flatness of the field

75
Q

Flat field

A

as even a field as possible, all the way to edges

76
Q

peak field

A

as bright as possible and less flat

77
Q

bail block

A

TVMP, bolts ot he bail in place of pipe clamp and fits baby and junior stands

78
Q

pigtail adapters

A

Bates to Edison adapters, for theater lights

79
Q

Ellipsoidal spotlight accessories

A 
gel drames
gobo pattern holders
irises
Donut
EDLT
follow spot adaptation- followspot yoke, operating handles
80
Q

Donut

A

metal mask slides into gel frame, used to sharpen gobo pattern, clean up color fringes at beam edge

81
Q

Enhanced definition lens tubes

A

used for image projection
extremely sharp
increase field lumens and contrast

82
Q

gobo rotator

A

fits into iris slot, rotates with 24V motor, animates the fixed gobo

83
Q

linear gobo fx

A

fits into iris slot, creates linear patterns with variable speed motor
or large gobo wheel that spins, creating linear effect

84
Q

color scroller

A

holds colored gel in a long scroll

85
Q

sea changer

A

color engine that uses variavle aoutns of 4 dichroic filters

86
Q

moving mirror remote

A

moving mirror, attaches to rear fel slov provides remote control of pan and tilt

87
Q

daylight source four

A

source four can be fitted with MSR lamp housing (joker bug and others) to create daylight balanced light source

88
Q

dedolights

A

small, compact ficture that use two specially designed lenses
more efficient than fresnel
hard, adjustable beam withe en light across field
punch for long throw
DHL2 model adjustment- 40 deg full flood, 2/5 degree full spot
100w same output as 300w fresnel

89
Q

DHL2 kit

A 
three 100 or 150w fixtures
100w run on 12V
150w on 24v
Power supplies can do 3,4,5 lights at a time
High- 3300K max light output
Medium- 3200K, medium output
Low- 3000k, low light output
Directly off 12v batt belt
90
Q

Dedo 400 series

A

Larger versions, same technology
Dhl436- 400w runs off power supply at 36v
Low voltage allows small lamp
Power supply can be switch to diff color temp- 3200K 3400K, 3600K

91
Q

DLH 650

A

650w runs off the main power with no sep power supply

92
Q

DLH400D

A

400w daylight dedo fixture

93
Q

Dedocool

A

250w tungsten balanced, small areas but high output, for high shutter speed
Very little heat
Cooling fan for bulb, leave plugged in while it cools

94
Q

Beam projectors(BP)

A

Lamp set in front of large parabolic glass mirror
Mirror fills back of unit
Fins/channels in concentric circes around bulb cut side spill
Beam is straight, almost parallel column of light, similar to xenon but not as sharp
Flood/spot widens/concentrates beam slightly (5-15 deg)-sliding lamp base relative to mirror
Field of no slightly uneven- can see magnified image of lamp filament projected on wall

95
Q

Chicken coops

A

Hangs on a chain

Six 1000w silver bowl globes(prevent direct light)

96
Q

Spacelight

A

6 1k nook lights
1k, 2k, 6k, 12k versions
Socapex input- individually dimmable

97
Q

Super/maxi coop and space lights

A

Use par lamps instead of original

4-5x brighter, more directional

98
Q

Scoop lights and skypans

A

Exposed bulb mounted in a large reflector
Scoops- 1 or 2k
Skypans- 2k, 5k, 10k, 20k

99
Q

Cyc strip

A

Row of open face lights, assymetric reflector, concentrates light where beam has longer throw to light vertical surface evenly

100
Q

Cyc strips

A

1,2,3,4 short strip

6,89,12 long strip- wired in groups

101
Q

Ground row

A

Cyc strip on the floor

102
Q

Border lights

A

Strips of par lights- better throw, more intense beam

Tall cycs

103
Q

Desisti pinza/lowel K5

A

Screw socket
Photo floods up to 500w
Also r40

104
Q

Mr16

A 
Small par lamp
2in diameter
MR-multifaceted reflector
Can have a Dichroic reflector coating-pull heat out of back, making beam safe for artwork
8deg, 24 deg, 36 deg
20w-100w
Color temps
Lee filters accessories for MR16 lamps- gwl holders louveres barn doors, lenses
105
Q

Bipin mr16

A

Diff pin spacing, many are 12v

106
Q

Stickup kits

A

Small open face, taped or clipped
100w, 200w, 120v bayonet or 100w 12v(good for domelight
Insulated with refracil

Local 52 Test (16 decks)

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