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CORE PEDS > tumors > Flashcards

tumors Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
Q
A
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3
Q

most common extrracranial solid tumor in childhood

A

neuroblastoma

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4
Q

Esthesioneuroblastoma age distribution

A

bimodal: teens and middle age

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5
Q

aggressive sun-burst periosteal rxn in the skull

A

metastatic neuroblastoma

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6
Q

most common liver tumor of early childhood (and third most common overall)

A

hepatoblastoma

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7
Q

hepatoblastoma multisystem disease/syndrome associations

A
  • Beckwith-Wiedemann (q6 US screen is performed)
  • FAP
  • Fetal alcohol syndrome
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8
Q

tumor marker elevated in hepatoblastoma

A

AFP

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9
Q

pediatric tumors with calcs

A
  • NEUROBLASTOMA (#1 most common overall peds tumor)
  • hepatoblastoma ( #3 most common overall peds tumor, #1 MC in the liver)
  • infantile hemangioma (hemangioendothelioma)
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10
Q

most common tumors to metastasize to the kidneys in kids

A
  • neuroblastoma
  • leukemia
  • lymphoma
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11
Q

primative neural crest cell malignancy, sympathetic in origin

A

Neuroblastoma

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12
Q

mets may be found in _______% of patients with neuroblastoma, and most commonly met to the _________

A

mets may be found in 75**% of patients with neuroblastoma, and most commonly met to the **bone

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13
Q

Stages of Neuroblastoma

A
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14
Q

Cortex or medullary cavity met better for Neuroblastoma prognosis?

A

medullary mets are better! aka, 4S stage is what you want

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15
Q

what are the Neuroblastoma stages with the worst prognosis?

A

3 and 4

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16
Q

What is neuroblastoma stage 4S?

A

age <1 year AND mets to:

  • skin
  • liver
  • bone MARROW
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17
Q

DWi characteristics of neuroblastoma

A

demonstrates diffusion restriction

(ganglioneuroblastoma does not!)

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18
Q

wilm variant that mets to bones

A

Clear cell sarcoma

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19
Q

Wilms variant with brain neoplasms

A

rhabdoid tumor

20
Q

“worst porognosis of all the renal tumors”

A

Rhabdoid tumor (wilms variant)

has brain neoplasms

21
Q

Beckwith-Wiedemann has increased risk of what kid tummy tumors?

A
  • Wilms
  • hepatoblastoma

You have to screen with abdominal US every 3 months until age 8

22
Q

Increased risk for Wilms and Hepatoblastoma is specifically associated with what syndrome?

A

Beckwith-Wiedman

23
Q

Horseshoe kidney increased risk for what malignancy?

A

2x increased risk of Wilm tumor

24
Q

most common childhood renal neoplasm?

A

Wilms tumor

25
Q

Wilms tumor age distribution

A

3-5

26
Q

Which patients should get regularly screened for Wilms?

A
  • BW syndrome
  • WAGR
  • Horseshoe kidney (Turner’s)
  • T18
27
Q

Stage of a kid with bilateral Wilms tumor at the time of diagnosis?

A

Stage 5 (this stage is unique to Wilms)

28
Q

Wilms tumor, aniridia, GU anomalies, mental retardation

A

WAGR syndrome

29
Q

what tumors arise from persistent metanephric blastema

A

Wilms and mesoblastic nephroma

30
Q

looks like a Wilms tumor but the kid is < 1yo

A

mesoblastic nephroma

31
Q
A
32
Q

precursor to Wilms tumor

A

nephroblastomatosis

frequent screening is performed

33
Q

NF1 associated childhood tumors:

A
  • Wilms
  • Rhabdomyosarcoma
  • AML
  • leiomyosarcoma
34
Q

if you have a bilateral Wilm’s tumor, what did you likely have prior?

A

nephroblastomatosis

35
Q

childhood tumor that extends into the renal pelvis

A

multilocular cystic nephroma

“michael jackson tumor” uping kids and middle aged women

36
Q

differential for each age

A
37
Q

8 month old

A
38
Q

hepatoblastoma is associated with what overgrowth syndrome?

A

Beckwith Wiedemann

39
Q

classic clinical history of a kid with hepatoblastoma?

A

precocious puberty

40
Q

risk factor associated with development of hepatoblastoma?

A

prematurity

41
Q

infant. heart is structurally normal

A

hemangioendothelioma (infantile capillary hemangioma) with high flow HF

treat with propanolol

42
Q

elevated vascular growth factor in an infant

A

hemangioendothelioma

43
Q

enlarging abdominal mass in a 1 year old

A

mesenchymal hamartoma

Most children present in the neonatal period with an enlarging abdominal mass, with 80% diagnosed by 2 years of age

Imaging:

  • large,
  • multicystic with cysts of various sizes
  • can contain debris, and
  • can be divided by septae of variable thickness.
  • No calcifications (well…rarely)
44
Q

enlarging liver mass in a kid <1 without elevated markers

A

mesenchymal hamartoma

45
Q

cystic liver lesion in a kid <1 without calcifications

A

mesenchymal hamartoma

46
Q

kid HCC occurs in pts with:

A
  • alpha-1 anti-trypsin
  • glycogen storage diseases
  • tyrosinemia
  • biliary atresia
  • chornic viral hepatitis

CORE PEDS (8 decks)

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