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Lab diagnostics > Tumor Markers > Flashcards

Tumor Markers Flashcards

1
Q

What is AFP used to screen for?

A

Testicular cancer, Hepatocellular carcinoma, screening for neural tubular defect

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2
Q

When is a high AFP diagnostic?

A

> 500 level in a high risk patient

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3
Q

What increases AFP?

A

liver damage like cirrhosis and hepatitis, lysis of tumor cells

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4
Q

What is B-hCG used to monitor and rediagnose?

A

Testicular cancer, pregnancy

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5
Q

What 3 tests are used to dx testicular cancer?

A

AFP, B-hCG, LDH

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6
Q

Which test is a prognostic (increase with severity) tool for testicular cancer?

A

LDH

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7
Q

Which test is a prognostic (increase with severity) tool for CRC?

A

CEA

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8
Q

What test is a prognostic tool (increases with severity) for Pancreatic or hepatobiliary cancer?

A

CA 19-9

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9
Q

Which test is sensitive and specific for pancreatic and hepatobiliary cancer?

A

CA 19-9

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10
Q

Which test can also be elevated with infections, kidney disease or liver disease?

A

LDH

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11
Q

Which test monitors breast cancer? (Metastasis)

A

CA 15-3; CA 27-29

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12
Q

which test is a good predictor of prognosis in breast cancer?

A

BRCA

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13
Q

What test is used to screen high risk women for ovarian cancer?

A

CA - 125

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14
Q

What can affect levels of CA- 125?

A

age, fluctuations with menstrual cycle, ethnicity and smoking

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15
Q

What is the screening tool for Prostate cancer in men over 50

A

PSA

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16
Q

Who is at high risk for prostate cancer?

A

African americans, genetics, family hx

17
Q

What increases PSA?

A

aging (due to the increase in size of the prostate), BPH, prostatitis, UTI, sexual activity

18
Q

What gives false negatives of PSA?

A

NSAIDS, tylenol, statins, thiazides, 5- alpha reductase inhibitors

19
Q

What is serotonin used to determine?

A

metastatic cancer

20
Q

What is fairly sensitive and highly specific for carcinoid tumors?

A

5-HIAA

21
Q

What is 5-HIAA a byproduct of?

A

serotonin

22
Q

What could 5-HiAA be increased due to?

A

drugs, serotonin rich foods, bananas

23
Q

What is sensitive for neuroendocrine tumors?

A

chromogranin A

24
Q

What proteins are UPEP and SPEP looking for?

A

Bence jones proteins

25
Q

Cancer risks in women with BRCA and HBOC?

A

breast and ovarian

26
Q

Cancer risks in men with BRCA and HBOC?

A

prostate and breast

27
Q

Cancer risks in men and women with BRCA and HBOC?

A

pancreatic cancer

Lab diagnostics (6 decks)

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