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TDM, Tox, Vitamins, Tumor Markers > Tumor Markers > Flashcards

Tumor Markers Flashcards

1
Q

What is the second leading cause of mortality in developed countries?

A

Cancer

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2
Q

What is the severity of cancer based on?

A

Tumor Size
Histology
Lymph Node
Metastasis

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3
Q

What is the best chance for cure of Cancer?

A

Early detection

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4
Q

Screening, Diagnosis, Prognosis, Therapy monitoring, and detecting Recurrence are examples of what?

A

Tumor Marker usage

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5
Q

What do we tend to see in patients when we conduct effective therapy?

A

Dramatic decrease or disappearance of the tumor marker

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6
Q

What is the most commonly used method of measuring tumor markers?

A

Immunoassays

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7
Q

A chip spotted with different DNA sequence and is fluorescently tagged is known as?

A

Microarray detection method

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8
Q

Which Tumor Marker is associated with Breast Cancer?

A

Cancer Antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3)

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9
Q

Which Tumor Marker is associated with Ovarian and Endometrial Carcinomas?

A

Cancer Antigen 125 (CA-125)

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10
Q

Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) is primarily sourced from where?

A

Liver and Bone

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11
Q

Where do we see elevated Lactate Dehydrogenase (LD)?

A

Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
Acute Leukemia
Germ Cell Testicular Cancer
Neuroblastoma

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12
Q

What is produced by the prostate gland and used to screen for Prostate Cancer?

A

Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA)

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13
Q

What can be used together with PSA?

A

Digital Rectal Examination (DRE)

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14
Q

How do we measure PSA?

A

Immunoassay

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15
Q

What is the cause of half of ectopic ACTH production?

A

Small cell Carcinoma of the lung

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16
Q

What is usually associated with Medullary Carcinoma of the Thyroid?

A

Elevated Calcitonin concentration

17
Q

What is hCG most useful for?

A

Monitoring treatment and progression of Trophoblastic Disease

18
Q

What is a tumor marker for HCC and Germ Cell Carcinoma?

A

AFP

19
Q

Which Tumor Marker uses sandwich immunoassays?

A

AFP
1 ng/mL

20
Q

what is Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) used for?

A

Tumor Marker for Colorectal Cancer

21
Q

What have Monoclonal Immunoglobulins been used for?

A

A marker for Multiple Myeloma

22
Q

What is used to assess the effectiveness of Immunoglobulins?

A

Bence Jones

TDM, Tox, Vitamins, Tumor Markers (4 decks)

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