Tumor Immunity Flashcards
_______ are expressed on normal cells in low amounts but overexpressed in tumor cells.
tumor associated antigens (TAA)
_______ are only expressed on cancer cells and not expressed on normal cells.
tumor specific antigens (TSA)
What are two examples of oncofetal antigens that may be expressed to cause tumors?
- carcinoembryonic antigen
- alpha-fetoprotein
Tumor suppressor genes (promote/inhibit) tumor growth while oncogenes (promote/inhibit) growth.
inhibit, promote
What two molecules are antigenic cell surface proteins that cancer uses to coats antigens in sugars which make the immune system less able to recognize them?
glycolipids + glycoproteins
Immune therapy is ______ therapy.
systemic
What target is the primary mechanism of immune-mediated killing of tumor cells?
T lymphocytes
Antibodies and NK cells can potentially kill tumor cells via what two mechanisms?
- ADCC (antigen-dependent cell cytotoxicity)
- CMC (complement-mediated cytotoxicity)
Cancers prefer (M1/M2) macrophages. Why?
M2
Less likely to be attacked by immune system
Do tumors evade the immune system by upregulating or downregulating the following?
- MHC I
- tumor antigen expression
- co-stimulatory molecules
- immunomodulating substances
- immune tolerance substances
- antigen-masking
- down
- down
- down
- up
- up
- up
Term for when tumor cells cover their surface antigens with glycocalyx to avoid immune system.
antigen-masking
________ is the use of the immune system to kill cancer.
immunotherapy
(T/F) Immunotherapy can be active or passive.
True
What is a primary example of active immunotherapy?
vaccination
Oncept is a vaccination (active immunotherapy) used to treat ______. With this treatment, patients will die of metastasis less frequently.
melanoma
