Tubular function 3

Question 1

What is the medullary concentration gradient required for

Answer 1

Movement of water by osmosis in order to generate a concentrated urine

Question 2

What are the two processes that cause the medullary concentration gradient

Answer 2

countercurrent multiplication

Urea trapping/recycling

Question 3

What is countercurrent multiplication

Answer 3

Large gradient between ascending and descending limb because the fluid is moving in opposite directions

Question 4

What is urea trapping/recycling

Answer 4

active transport of NaCl out of thick limb of loop of henle unaccompanied of water

Question 5

What are the vasa recta

Answer 5

Blood vessels supplying juxtamedullary nephrons that move excess water and solutes

Question 6

What mainly happens in descending limb

Answer 6

Reabsorption of H20

Question 7

What mainly happens in ascending limb

Answer 7

Reabsorption of NaCl

Question 8

where is adh synthesised and where does this get signalled to

Answer 8

Supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of hypothalamus

Posterior pituitary neurohypophysis

Question 9

How does ADH affect renin release

Answer 9

Inhibits

Question 10

How does ADH affect splanchnic vasoconstriction

Answer 10

Increase

Question 11

How does ADH affect medullary collecting duct urea permeability and distal tubule h20 permeability

Answer 11

increase

Question 12

Where does ADH act

Answer 12

DCT and CD