Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Yr3 Respiratory Conditions > Tuberculosis > Flashcards

Tuberculosis Flashcards

1
Q

what is tuberculosis

A

chronic granulomatous disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the causative agent of tuberculosis

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how is TB transmitted

A

inhalation of droplets containing Mycobacterium tuberculosis. via coughs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how does tuberculosis survive

A

after being phagocytosed by macrophages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

which group of people are at greatest risk of TB

A

asian immigrants in the uK

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is primary TB

A

initial infection may be pulmonary or GI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is miliary TB

A

results from haematogenous dissemination of TB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is post-primary TB

A

caused by reinfection or reactivation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

presentation of primary TB

A

fever, malaise, cough, wheeze, erythema nodosum, conjunctivitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

presentation of miliary TB

A

fever, weight loss, meningitis, yellow caseous tubercles spread to other organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

presentation of post-primary TB

A 
Fever/night sweats  
Malaise  
Weight loss  
Breathlessness  
Cough  
Sputum  
Haemoptysis  
Pleuritic chest pain  
Signs of pleural effusion  
Collapse  
Consolidation  
Fibrosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

complications of pulmonary tuberculosis

A

bronchiectasis, pneumonia and pleural effusions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

CNS presentation of TB

A

meningitis, headache, meningism, focal neurological signs, decreased consciousness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

genitourinary presentation of TB

A

pyuria (sterile)

absceses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

MSK presentation of TB

A

arthritis, osteomyelitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

GI presentation of TB

A

abdominal pain, obstruction, appendicitis

17
Q

what may happen to the lymph nodes in TB

A

they will be palpable, tender, firm superficial lymphadenopathy

18
Q

what skin (cutaneous) presentations may there be with TB

A

erythema nodosum

19
Q

investigations to do for Tuberculosis

A

Chest X-ray

Sputum samples for culture and sensitivity testing

Samples from non-pulmonary sites: may need biopsy and needle aspiration

PCR - GeneXpert, rapid results with additional drug sensitivity tested as well.

Mantoux test - usually offered to contacts of infected patients. Positive in those who have had the BCG vaccine.

20
Q

findings on a CXR of primary TB

A

peripheral consolidation

hilar lymphadenopathy

21
Q

findings on a CXR of miliary TB

A

fine shadowing

22
Q

findings on a CXR of post-primary TB

A

upper lobe shadowing

streaky fibrosis

calcification

pleural effusion

hilar lymphadenopathy

23
Q

1st line management of TB

A

Isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide for 2 months, then Isoniazid and rifampicin for a further 4 months.

24
Q

2nd line management of TB

A

amikacin, macrolides, quinolones, and capreomycin

Yr3 Respiratory Conditions (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions