TSA EMB145 Study Guide Flashcards
Airplane Description:Length?Height?Wingspan?
Length 98ftHeight 22ft 2inWingspan 65ft 9in (XR: 68ft 11in)
Airplane Description:Cabin Height?Number of rows?Emergency exit row?
Cabin Height 6ftNumber of rows 18 (1-11, 18-24 UA)Exit row 12 or 18(UA)
How many Vortex generators are on each wing?
12groups of 9 and 3
Describe air stair door operation?
2 hydraulic actuators powered by system 1 or by accumulator allow the door to be raised or lowered. The accumulator has the capacity for 4 door operating cycles. The operation can be controlled inside or outside through the entrance panel, through the exterior main door control panel, or manually by an outside ground attendant.
How many people allowed on the stairs?
3 Max
What does Door Blocked” mean?”
Solenoid Valve Failure.The main door actuator line remained pressurized when the door was closed.
What do you do if the door becomes Blocked”?”
There is an alternate opening valve located in the cockpit on the floor next to the FO’s center console, or an outside access panel on the right nose section that will depressurize the door close line and allow the door to be opened.
How many and location of access panels?
3
FWD electronics compartment (nose well)
Under cockpit access hatchRear electronics compartment
Type of emergency exits and doors?
Main doorService doorFueling panel access doorEmergency exit hatches (2) row 12 or 18(UA) window plug typeBaggage Door
How will you know if a door or access hatch is open?
There will be an EICAS caution message on the doors” section of the T/O page on the MFD.”
What happens with the security door if the cockpit pressure is lower than cabin pressure?
The pressure sensitive latch releases allowing the decompression panel to partially open.
What does the crew awareness system do?
It provides a variety of visual, aural, and sensitive warnings to notify the crew regarding system status, malfunctions, and abnormal aircraft configurations.
What do the DAU’s do?
They are the central data collection points for theEICAS. DAU 1 collects data from the forward aircraft systems and engine 1. DAU 2 collects data from the aft aircraft systems and engine 2. Engine data is sent through the FADEC and directly from engine sensors. They convert the data to a digital signal and send it to the IC-600’s. The DAU’s are multi-channel. Channel A is primary and B is for backup.
How do you select channel B on a DAU?
Manually through the DAU reversionary panel.
What is the IC-600’s function?
Take data from the DAU’s and other aircraft computers and process the data. They interact with each other and send outputs to the Aural Warning unit to generate a tone indicating a caution or warning message when there is an abnormal situation.
What happens if you loose IC-600 1?
The PFD 1, MFD 1, and EICAS will display a red X. The Engine Backup Page will automatically display on RMU 1.
What happens if you loose IC-600 2?
The PFD 2 and MFD 2 will display a red X.
If the IC-600 1 or 2 goes offline, how can we display the good computers information on the affected displays?
Press the SG button on the affected side’s reversionary panel.
Are the CRT displays interchangeable?
Yes
What are the 5 system pages available on the MFD.
(H FEET)Hydraulic and BrakesFuelElectricalEnvironmental and Ice ProtectionTake off and Doors Page
Can the PFD and EICAS be displayed on the MFD?
Yes, if selected on the reversionary panel.
RMU’s may be selected to display what backup information for the PFD, MFD, and EICAS?
NavigationEngine InfoSystems InfoSome EICAS messages
Are all the displays on the same electrical bus?
No, 4 different buses
What buses do the displays and IC-600’s use?
PFD 1 and MFD 2: DC Bus 1AMFD 1, PFD 2, TBCH and IC-600 2: DC Bus 2EICAS, RMU 1 and IC-600 1: Essential DC Bus 1ISIS and RMU 2: Essential DC Bus 2
What will you see on the displays if you lose DC Bus 1?
PFD 1 and MFD 2 blank (blackout)
What will you see on the displays if you lose DC Bus 2?
MFD 1, PFD 2 and TBCH blank.MFD 2 red X.
What will you see on the displays if you lose Essential DC Bus 1?
EICAS and RMU 1 blank.PFD 1 and MFD 1 red X.
What will you see on the displays if you lose Essential DC Bus 2?
ISIS and RMU 2 blank.
How many built in tests do the IC600’s have? What are they?
3Power up ContinuousPilot Initiated
How is the IC-600 tested, and what happens?
Pressing and holding the test button on the display control panel. The first test displays the failure modes and the second test checks the IC-600 internal interfaces.
What are the crew awareness EICAS message levels and what do they mean?
Warning (Red): always on top; requires immediate crew action.Caution (Amber): after warning messages; requires immediate crew awareness.Advisory (Cyan): after caution messages; minor failure or system status.
How many messages can be displayed on the EICAS at one time?
15 At once.The bezel knob allows you to cycle through the messages if there are more than 15.
What is the Inhibition logic for EICAS messages during Takeoff and Landing?
TakeoffV1-15 to: 400ft AGL orCAS below 60kts or After 1 min.Landing200ft AGL to: WOW +3 sec orAfter 1 min.
What systems does the aural warning unit receive signals from?
TCASGPWSWindshear DetectionIC-600’sFire DetectionStall ProtectionTrimsFlapsBrakesSpoilersRAAuto PilotLanding GearADCPressurizationSELCAL
What provides power to the AWU?
One DC bus and One Essential DC bus.A”-primary”B”-backupIf “A” fails “B” is selected automatically.”
How many chimes is a Red Warning and how often is it repeated?
3 repeated every second(DING DING DING)
How many chimes is a Caution and how often is it repeated?
1 repeated every 5 seconds(DING)
What triggers the takeoff configuration warning when the button is pressed or any thrust lever >60*?
F BST (Fat BaSTard)FlapsBrakesSpoilersTrim
Describe the stall protection system (SPS)
The SPS consist of:1 Computer 2 independent channels,SPS Panel,2 AOA sensors,2 Stick shaker acutuators,1 Stick Pusher (Captain’s side).
To avoid bogus warnings the SPS takes into account:
Icing ConditionsWindshearGear PositionFlap SettingMach Number
What inhibition logic does the stick pusher incorporate?
(2C’s, 2G’s, 2 200’s, and a Q)Channel Inop,Cutout button pressed,On the Ground,Below .5 G’s,>200 KIAS,Below 200ft or 10sec after T/O if RA Inop,Quick Disconect Button Pressed
When is the SPS test button illuminated?
Start up orUnsuccessful test.
What does the pitch limit indicator represent?
The remaining margin left for the stick shaker AOA set point?
What are the pitch limit indications?
Green (10 to 5)Amber (5 to 2)Red (< 2*)
What is the difference between EGPWS and GPWS?
Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System has terrain mapping.
What are the 2 windshear alerts and what triggers them?
Caution (amber) increasing headwind and/or updraft.Increasing Performance”Warning (red) increasing tailwind and/or downdraft.”Decreasing Performance””
What is windshear escape guidance mode?
Minimize Altitude loss and Speed loss. It provides pitch command to recover from windshear encounters.
When does the Windshear Escape Guidance Mode engage?
What flight director modes are inhibited when a windshear caution or warning is present?
Altitude Preselect Mode,Go Around andTakeoff Mode.No lateral modes are inhibited.
In order of priority, what are the requirements the Windshear Escape Guidance Mode is designed to meet?
Prevent the airplane from:StallingDescendingExceeding Vmo
When are Resolution Advisories inhibited?
Below 600ft AGL ClimbingBelow 400ft AGL Descending
What are the TCAS altitude bands?
Normal: +/-1200ft auto or +/-2700ft manualAbove: +7000ft to -2700ftBelow: -7000ft to +2700ft
What is the Aircraft Electrical system comprised of?
4 28V DC/400A engine driven Generators1 APU 28V DC/400A Starter-generator2 24V DC/44Ah Ni-Cad batteries1 24V DC/5Ah Lead-Acid backup batteryExternal power source (GPU 28V DC)
What Generators charge the batteries?
Gen 1 and 3 charge battery 1 and B/U battery.Gen 2 and 4 charge battery 2.
What happens in a generator over-voltage situation?
The GCU takes the associated generator offline.
What happens when a bus fails?
A bus failure will cause an over-current condition to one or more generators. The GCU isolates the system network by opening BTC’s. If the generators remain overloaded then the GCU will take it offline.
Does the GPU have priority over the batteries and/or generators?
Yes, when selected.
How do you reset a tripped GPU?
Release and press the button again.
What is powered when GPU AVAIL” is illuminated and the batteries are off?”
Ground Service Bus
When are the Engine Generators brought online?
56.4% N2
Which battery starts the APU?
2#1 is isolated from the start to prevent voltage transients.
If 4 to 5 generators are online, how many independent electrical networks do we have?
2 Networks All Buses
If 3 generators are online, how many independent electrical networks do we have?
1 Network All Buses
If 2 generators are online, will the shed buses be on?
Not in flight. On the ground you can select Shed Bus OVRD to get Shed Buses.
If all generators are lost in flight, what will the batteries supply power to?
Essential Buses and Central DC Bus to allow for APU start.
How long will battery power last with complete generator failure?
40min to include 3 APU start attempts.45 if Pitot 3 Sensor Heating Button deselected.
Will shed buses be online on the ground with GPU selected?
Yes
What does the ground service bus power?
Cockpit Dome LightsCourtesy Stair LightsGalley LightsPassenger Cabin LightsLavatory LightsBaggage/service Compartment Lights
What is the AC electrical system comprised of?
1 Single Phase Static Inverter(250VA/400Hz),which converts 28V DC into 115V AC powered by DC Bus 1.
What is on the 115V AC Bus?
GPWSWSHRMQAR (FOQA)ACARS PRNTR
During normal flight operations, what contactors will be open?
BTC 1 and EIC
How long do Photoluminescent Emergency lights last?
Initially 4.75 hours after a 15min charge.
Can you activate the APU Fire Extinguishing system with the battery off?
No, its on DC Bus 2.
Can you activate the Engine Fire Extinguishing system with the batteries off?
Yes, its on the Hot Bus.
How does the sensor tube determine an overheat condition?
Expanding helium gas pressures trigger a switch, which activates the warning system.
How does the sensor tube determine a fire or high-intensity over heat condition?
An expanding hydrogen impregnated core increase internal prssure and triggers a switch which activates the warning system.
How do you know if the sensor tube is inoperative?
An integrity switch monitors the sensor tubes integrity and signals if inoperative.
What valves do the Fire Handles close when pulled?
Fuel
HydraulicBleed Air Lip Anti-icing
What happens when you press the Fire Detection test button?
Fire Handles IlluminateFire Bell soundsWARNING/CAUTION Lights IlluminateBaggage Fire Extinguishing button illuminatesThree EICAS WARNINGS:APU FIRE, ENG 1(2) FIRE, BAGG SMOKETwo EICAS CAUTIONS:APU FIREDET FAIL, ENG1(2) FIREDET FAIL
What happens when you press the APU Fire Extinguishing Button?
The APU fuel shutoff valve closes and the APU fire extinguishing bottle is discharged.
What happens when you hold the fire detection test button for less than 2sec or more than 10sec?
Less than 2sec, Baggage Fire extinguishing button remains illuminated.More than 10sec, APU will shutdown.
How is the lavatory fire-extinguishing bottle activated?
A seal burns off allowing the bottle to discharge.
How can we inspect the baggage compartment from inside the airplane?
A sight glass inside the lavatory.
Explain the Fire Extinguishing System in the baggage compartment?
2 BottlesOne Fast Discharge Bottle andOne Metering Bottle (50min discharge)
What reasons will cause the Baggage Fire-Extinguishing Button to illuminate?
Smoke detected in baggage compartment orBaggage compartment fan is deactivated orFire Detection Test Button pushed for less than 2 seconds.
What happens when the baggage fire-extinguishing button is pressed?
Both Butter Fly Valves Close.Both Extinguishing bottles discharge.Fan is deactivated.
How does fuel flow from the wing tip to the wing root?
Gravity
What traps fuel in the wing root and submerges the fuel pumps?
Collector box
What does the fuel vent system do and what does it consist of?
It prevents the buildup of positive and negative pressure in the tank. It consist of a NACA air inlet, a surge box and 2 float valves.
How many Electric Fuel Pumps does each wing tank have?
3
How many total electric fuel pumps are required for takeoff and go-around?
2 (1 per engine)
If you lose all electric fuel pumps will the engines stop?
No, the FPMU will provide enough suction to run the engine.
Can you transfer fuel from one tank to the other?
No, a check valve prevents this.
How can we use fuel from the left tank to supply the APU?
Crossfeed to LOW2
What does the flame arrestor do?
Prevents an outside fire from entering the fuel tank.
When defueling, which tank is fuel extracted from?
2, right side
How can we extract fuel from the #1 (left tank) during defueling?
Set crossfeed to LOW 2
How many direct measuring sticks per wing does the aircraft have?
EP/MP: 2LR/XR: 3
How do you check fuel using the direct measuring sticks?
Start with the outboard first, if it reads you can stop, otherwise move inboard until you get a reading. Then compare the number to the chart to determine how much fuel is in the tank.
Describe the APU and it’s functions?
A source of electrical and pneumatic power that can be used simultaneously or independent of aircraft sources, while on the ground or in flight. It is a constant speed gas tubine engine, consisting of a single-stage centrifugal compressor, a reverse-flow annular combustion chamber, and a single-stage radial turbine.
What will cause an APU to automatically shut down on the ground?
Fire, Over Temp, Over Speed, Under Speed, Failure to Accelerate, Failure to Light, Loss of Speed Data, External Short, Loss of FADEC(ESU) signal, FADEC(ESU) Failure, Bleed Valve Opening, Low Oil Pressure, High Oil Temperature, Oil Pressure Switch Short or Loss of EGT
What will cause an APU to automatically shut down in flight?
Over Speed, Under Speed, Failure to Accelerate, Failure to Light, Loss of Speed Data, External Short, Loss of FADEC(ESU) signal or FADEC(ESU) Failure
If a fire is detected in the APU on the ground, will it immediately shut down?
No, a 10sec delay occurs before shutdown.
Where does the APU get its fuel?
2 Right Tank
Does the APU use oil from the engines?
No, it has its own self contained lubricating system.
When do you begin to use APU electrical power?
7 seconds after the APU reaches 95% rotor speed.
How long after starting the APU should you wait to use the APU Bleed per the SOP?
3 min
How does the APU start?
APU Starter Generator
What are the 2 air vents under the APU cowling?
The left side is for the starter generator intake and the right is for APU compartment cooling.
How does the ESU (c11) model test the overspeed protection?
When the stop button is pressed, a signal is sent to the ESU to simulate an overspeed condition, which will shut down the APU.
When does the FADEC (c14) model test the overspeed protection?
During FADEC power up.
Where does the stop button cutoff fuel for the APU?
At the APU.
Where does the shutoff valve cutoff fuel for the APU?
At the wing root.
What is Ground Safe mode?
IRS units - OFFEmergency Lights - OFFBatteries - OFFAPU Bleed - OFFAPU GEN - ON
How many volts do you need for APU start?
min 22 volts
What is the EP and LR thrust rating?
EP: 7426 @ ISA +15LR: 7426 @ ISA +30
What are the main design features of the AE3007?
Single Stage Fan14 stage axial flow compressor with inlet guide vanes and 5 variable geometry stator vanes.2 stage high-pressure turbine(N2) to drive the compressor.3 stage low-pressure turbine(N1) to drive the fan.Dual FADEC’sAccessory Gear BoxPneumatic System
What is the bypass ratio?
5:01
Compressor Variable Geometry (CVG) startors are for what stages?
1 thru 5 and for the inlet guide vanes.
What controls the CVG?
FADEC sends signal to the FPMU.
What does the forced air mixer do?
It mixes air from the engine bypass and the core gas stream to lower the pressure ratio and control noise.
What drives the accesory gearbox?
N2 through a Tower Shaft
What stages are the bleed air?
9th and 14th stage.
When do we use 14th stage Bleed Air?
Low Thrust SettingA/I operationCrossbleed Start
What’s on the accesory gearbox?
(FAGHOP)FPMUATSGenerators (2)Hydraulic PumpOil PumpPMA
What are the components of the fuel system?
FPMUFCOCCVG actuatorsFuel Nozzles
What 2 secondary functions does the fuel system have?
Engine Oil CoolingFuel Pressure to Activate CVG’s
Describe the FPMU’s function?
Electrical - Mechanical unit, which incoporates engine fuel pumping, filtering, and metering under command of the FADEC. It supplies the correct pressure and flow rate to the fuel nozzles during start, stop, and engine operation, and it also conrols the CVG vanes.
What pumps are in the FPMU?
1 High Pressure Gear Pump1 Low Pressure Centrifugal Pump
Can fuel bypass the FCOC?
No
Can oil bypass the FCOC?
Yes, when the fuel temp risses above 93.3C or when the oil differential pressure is above 50psi.
What is the purpose of the CVG Vanes?
To maximize engine efficiency and prevent compressor stalls.
How many fuel nozzles does each engine have?
16
What is the range of the fuel flow meter’s reading?
130 - 4300 pph