trunk

Question 1

What bones comprise the trunk?

Answer 1

12 ribs (7 true, 5 false)
24 vertebrae (7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, 5 coccyx)

Question 2

Explain the cumulative effect.

Answer 2

several vertebrae together to create a combined movement for substantial flexion

Question 3

What type of joints are intervertebral joints?

Answer 3

gliding joints

Question 4

What is the purpose of intervertebral joints?

Answer 4

cartilaginous disks (protein & water)
-lie between vertebrae to act as shock absorbers
(become less resilient with age)

Question 5

What are the two injuries associated with intervertebral disks?

Answer 5

-Slipped disk: protruding into space occupied by the spinal cord or nerve (compressing nerves).
-Herniated disk: tearing of the disc and part of disc escapes and puts pressure on the spinal column or nerves.

Question 6

anterior movement of spine-what movement moves the thorax towards the pelvis?

Answer 6

trunk flexion

Question 7

what movement moves the thorax away from the pelvis?

Answer 7

trunk extension

Question 8

what is the movement of the spine in the transverse plane-where the thorax rotates to the side and the lower body is stabilized?

Answer 8

spinal rotation

Question 9

O-Posterior inner lip of iliac crest
I-pproximately one-half of lower border of twelfth rib and transverse process of upper four lumbar vertebrae

Answer 9

quadratus lumborum

Question 10

O-crest of pubis
I-Cartilage of fifth, sixth, and seventh ribs, xiphoid process

Answer 10

Rectus abdominis

Question 11

O- Borders of lower eight ribs at side of chest dovetailing with serratus anterior muscle
I- Anterior half of crest of ilium, inguinal ligament, crest of pubis, fascia of recctus abdominis at lower front

Answer 11

external oblique

Question 12

O-Upper falf of inguinal ligament, anterior 2/3 of crest of ilium, lumbar fascia
I-Costal cartilages of eighth, ninth and tenth ribs, linea alba

Answer 12

internal oblique muscle

Question 13

O-Lateral third of inguinal ligament, inner rim of iliac crest, inner surface of costal cartilages of lower six ribs, lumbar fascia
I-Crest of pubis, iliopectineal line, and linea alba joining its fellow from the other side

Answer 13

transverse abdominis

Question 14

What is the action of the erector spinae iliocostalis?

Answer 14

cervical lateral flexion,
lumbar lateral flexion

Question 15

What is the action of the errector spinae longissmus?

Answer 15

cervical lateral flexion
lumbar lateral flexion

Question 16

what is the action of the erector spinae spinalis?

Answer 16

cervical lateral flexion
lumbar lateral flexion