Truck Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Origin: Platysma

A

Skin over edge of mandible

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2
Q

Insertion: Platysma

A

Skin over clavicles

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3
Q

Innervation: Platysma

A

Facial nerve (CN VII)

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4
Q

Action: Platysma

A

Tenses skin on neck

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5
Q

Notes: Platysma

A

Superficial layer

Runs from mouth and mandible to 2nd rib

Attaches to fascia and skin

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6
Q

Origin: Orbicularis Oris

A

-

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7
Q

Insertion: Orbicularis Oris

A

-

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8
Q

Innervation: Orbicularis Oris

A

Facial nerve (CN VII)

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9
Q

Action: Orbicularis Oris

A

Purses lips

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10
Q

Notes: Orbicularis Oris

A

Superficial layer

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11
Q

Origin: Orbicularis Oculi

A

-

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12
Q

Insertion: Orbicularis Oculi

A

-

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13
Q

Innervation: Orbicularis Oculi

A

Facial nerve (CN VII)

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14
Q

Action: Orbicularis Oculi

A

Closes eyelid

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15
Q

Notes: Orbicularis Oculi

A

Superficial layer

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16
Q

Origin: Zygomaticus Major and Minor

A

-

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17
Q

Insertion: Zygomaticus Major and Minor

A

-

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18
Q

Innervation: Zygomaticus Major and Minor

A

Facial nerve (CN VII)

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19
Q

Action: Zygomaticus Major and Minor

A

Smiling

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20
Q

Notes: Zygomaticus Major and Minor

A

Superficial layer

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21
Q

Origin: Levator Labii Superioris

A

-

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22
Q

Insertion: Levator Labii Superioris

A

-

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23
Q

Innervation: Levator Labii Superioris

A

Facial nerve (CN VII)

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24
Q

Action: Levator Labii Superioris

A

Elevates upper lip

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25
Notes: Levator Labii Superioris
Superficial layer
26
Origin: Risorius
-
27
Insertion: Risorius
-
28
Innervation: Risorius
Facial nerve (CN VII)
29
Action: Risorius
Smiling
30
Notes: Risorius
Superficial layer
31
Origin: Depressor Anguli Oris
-
32
Insertion: Depressor Anguli Oris
-
33
Innervation: Depressor Anguli Oris
Facial nerve (CN VII)
34
Action: Depressor Anguli Oris
Depresses angle of mouth
35
Notes: Depressor Anguli Oris
Superficial layer
36
Origin: Levator Anguli Oris
-
37
Insertion: Levator Anguli Oris
-
38
Innervation: Levator Anguli Oris
Facial nerve (CN VII)
39
Action: Levator Anguli Oris
Lifts angle of mouth
40
Notes: Levator Anguli Oris
Deep layer
41
Origin: Depressor Labii Inferioris
-
42
Insertion: Depressor Labii Inferioris
-
43
Innervation: Depressor Labii Inferioris
Facial nerve (CN VII)
44
Action: Depressor Labii Inferioris
Depresses lower lip
45
Notes: Depressor Labii Inferioris
Deep layer
46
Origin: Mentalis
-
47
Insertion: Mentalis
-
48
Innervation: Mentalis
Facial nerve (CN VII)
49
Action: Mentalis
Wrinkles chin, protrudes lower lip
50
Notes: Mentalis
Deep layer
51
Origin: Buccinator
-
52
Insertion: Buccinator
-
53
Innervation: Buccinator
Facial nerve (CN VII)
54
Action: Buccinator
Sucking, whistling
55
Notes: Buccinator
Deep layer
56
Origin: Superior, Anterior and Posterior Auricular muscles
-
57
Insertion: Superior, Anterior and Posterior Auricular muscles
-
58
Innervation: Superior, Anterior and Posterior Auricular muscles
Facial nerve (CN VII)
59
Action: Superior, Anterior and Posterior Auricular muscles
Wiggle ears
60
Origin: Frontalis
-
61
Insertion: Frontalis
-
62
Innervation: Frontalis
Facial nerve (CN VII)
63
Action: Frontalis
1. Elevates eyebrows | 2. Wrinkles forehead
64
Origin: Occipitalis
-
65
Insertion: Occipitalis
-
66
Innervation: Occipitalis
Facial nerve (CN VII)
67
Action: Occipitalis
Pulls scalp back
68
Origin: Longus Capitis
Transverse processes of mid-cervical vertebrae
69
Insertion: Longus Capitis
Occipital bone
70
Innervation: Longus Capitis
Segmental cervical ventral rami
71
Action: Longus Capitis
Flexes head and neck
72
Origin: Longus Colli
1. Vertical portion: lower cervical vertebrae 2. Upper oblique portion: upper cervical bodies 3. Lower oblique portion: lower cervical bodies
73
Insertion: Longus Colli
1. Vertical portion: upper cervical vertebrae 2. Upper oblique portion: mid-cervical transverse processes 3. Lower oblique portion: mid-cervical transverse processes
74
Innervation: Longus Colli
Segmental ventral rami
75
Action: Longus Colli
Flexes neck
76
Notes: Longus Colli
Fibers of vertical and lower oblique portions run upward Fibers of upper oblique portion run downward
77
Origin: Rectus Capitis Anterior
Atlas
78
Insertion: Rectus Capitis Anterior
Occipital bone
79
Innervation: Rectus Capitis Anterior
Ventral rami C1, 2
80
Action: Rectus Capitis Anterior
Flexes head
81
Origin: Rectus Capitis Lateralis
Atlas
82
Insertion: Rectus Capitis Lateralis
Occipital bone
83
Innervation: Rectus Capitis Lateralis
Ventral rami C1, 2
84
Action: Rectus Capitis Lateralis
Lateral flexion of head
85
Origin: Anterior Scalene
Transverse process of mid-cervical vertebrae
86
Insertion: Anterior Scalene
1st rib
87
Innervation: Anterior Scalene
Ventral rami of cervical nerves
88
Action: Anterior Scalene
1. Raises first rib | 2. Laterally flexes neck
89
Origin: Middle Scalene
All cervical transverse processes
90
Insertion: Middle Scalene
1st rib
91
Innervation: Middle Scalene
Ventral rami of cervical nerves
92
Action: Middle Scalene
1. Raises first rib | 2. Laterally flexes neck
93
Origin: Posterior Scalene
Transverse processes of mid-cervical vertebrae
94
Insertion: Posterior Scalene
2nd rib
95
Innervation: Posterior Scalene
Ventral rami of cervical nerves
96
Action: Posterior Scalene
1. Raises second rib | 2. Laterally flexes neck
97
Origin: Sternocleidomastoid
1. Manubrium | 2. Medial 1/3 of clavicle
98
Insertion: Sternocleidomastoid
Mastoid process
99
Innervation: Sternocleidomastoid
Accessory nerve (CN XI)
100
Action: Sternocleidomastoid
1. Flexes neck | 2. Rotates head to opposite side
101
Origin: Digastric
1. Posterior belly: mastoid process | 2. Anterior belly: inner mandible, just lateral to midline
102
Insertion: Digastric
Hyoid bone
103
Innervation: Digastric
1. Posterior belly: facial nerve (CN VII) | 2. Anterior belly: trigeminal nerve (CN V3)
104
Action: Digastric
1. Moves hyoid superiorly and posteriorly in swallowing | 2. Opens jaw against resistance
105
Origin: Omohyoid
1. Inferior belly: superior margin of scapula | 2. Superior belly: hyoid
106
Insertion: Omohyoid
Intermediate tendon attaches to posterior clavicle and 1st rib by fascial sling
107
Innervation: Omohyoid
Branches of ansa cervicalis
108
Action: Omohyoid
Strap muscles as a group, depress larynx, hyoid bone and floor of mouth during swallowing
109
Notes: Omohyoid
Strap muscle
110
Origin: Sternohyoid
Manubrium
111
Insertion: Sternohyoid
Hyoid bone
112
Innervation: Sternohyoid
Branches of ansa cervicalis
113
Action: Sternohyoid
Strap muscles as a group, depress larynx, hyoid bone and floor of mouth during swallowing
114
Notes: Sternohyoid
Strap muscle
115
Origin: Sternothyroid
Manubrium
116
Insertion: Sternothyroid
Thyroid cartilage
117
Innervation: Sternothyroid
Branches of ansa cervicalis
118
Action: Sternothyroid
Strap muscles as a group, depress larynx, hyoid bone and floor of mouth during swallowing
119
Notes: Sternothyroid
Strap muscle
120
Origin: Thyrohyoid
Thyroid cartilage
121
Insertion: Thyrohyoid
Hyoid bone
122
Innervation: Thyrohyoid
C1 fibers that run with hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
123
Action: Thyrohyoid
Strap muscles as a group, depress larynx, hyoid bone and floor of mouth during swallowing
124
Notes: Thyrohyoid
Strap muscle
125
Origin: Masseter
Zygomatic arch
126
Insertion: Masseter
Ramus of mandible
127
Innervation: Masseter
Mandibular division of CN V (V3)
128
Action: Masseter
1. Closes mandible 2. Protracts mandible 3. Deep fibers retract mandible
129
Origin: Temporalis
Temporal fossa
130
Insertion: Temporalis
Coronoid process of mandible
131
Innervation: Temporalis
Mandibular division of CN V (V3)
132
Action: Temporalis
1. Closes mandible 2. Retracts mandible 3. Abduct towards side of abduction
133
Origin: Lateral Pterygoid
Lateral pterygoid plate (lateral surface)
134
Insertion: Lateral Pterygoid
1. Neck of mandible 2. TM joint capsule 3. Articular disc
135
Innervation: Lateral Pterygoid
Mandibular division of CN V (V3)
136
Action: Lateral Pterygoid
1. Opens mandible 2. Protracts mandible 3. Protracts during abduction (opposite side of abduction)
137
Origin: Medial Pterygoid
Lateral pterygoid plate (medial surface)
138
Insertion: Medial Pterygoid
Ramus of mandible, inner surface
139
Innervation: Medial Pterygoid
Mandibular division of CN V (V3)
140
Action: Medial Pterygoid
Closes mandible
141
Origin: External Intercostals
Inferior border of upper rib
142
Insertion: External Intercostals
Superior border of lower rib
143
Innervation: External Intercostals
Intercostal nerves
144
Action: External Intercostals
Elevates ribs for inhalation
145
Notes: External Intercostals
- Runs between adjacent ribs from tubercle of the rib as far forward as costochondral junction - Anteriorly external intercostal membrane continues to sternum - Fibers run down & forward
146
Origin: Internal Intercostals
Inferior border of upper rib
147
Insertion: Internal Intercostals
Superior border of lower rib
148
Innervation: Internal Intercostals
Intercostal nerves
149
Action: Internal Intercostals
Depresses ribs for exhalation
150
Notes: Internal Intercostals
- Fibers run down & backwd - Run from costal angle to sternum (incomplete posteriorly) - Continues posteriorly as the internal intercostal membrane
151
Origin: Innermost Intercostals
Superior border of lower rib
152
Insertion: Innermost Intercostals
Inferior border of the upper rib
153
Innervation: Innermost Intercostals
Intercostal nerves
154
Action: Innermost Intercostals
-
155
Notes: Innermost Intercostals
- Less developed than the ext and int intercostals - Runs down and backward - Found only in middle section of the intercostal space (costal angle to costochondral junction) - Nerves and vessels run between innermost and internal intercostal
156
Notes: Innermost Intercostals
- Less developed than the ext and int intercostals - Runs down and backward - Found only in middle section of the intercostal space (costal angle to costochondral junction) - Nerves and vessels run between innermost and internal intercostal
157
Origin: Subcostal
Posterior rib
158
Insertion: Subcostal
Posterior rib
159
Innervation: Subcostal
Intercostal nerves
160
Action: Subcostal
-
161
Notes: Subcostal
- On inner surface of posterior thorax | - Fibers cross 2 or 3 ribs
162
Origin: Transversus Thoracis
Sternum
163
Insertion: Transversus Thoracis
Costal cartilage
164
Innervation: Transversus Thoracis
Intercostal nerves
165
Action: Transversus Thoracis
Maintains thoracic wall during respiration
166
Notes: Transversus Thoracis
- On inner surface of anterior thorax - Fibers cross 2 or 3 ribs - Helps to secure blood vessels
167
Origin: External Abdominal Oblique
Slips from lower 8 ribs
168
Insertion: External Abdominal Oblique
1. Aponeurosis fuses at linea alba (contributes to rectus sheath) 2. Iliac crest 3. ASIS 4. Pubic tubercle 5. Pubic crest 6. Pubic symphysis
169
Innervation: External Abdominal Oblique
Segmental innervation by T7-T12 or L1
170
Action: External Abdominal Oblique
1. Add strength to abdominal wall because of various fiber directions 2. Protection of abdominal contents 3. Hold in abdominal contents 4. Support posture – lumbar stabilization especially via transverses abdominus and attachment to thoracolumbar fascia 5. Forced expiration 6. Bowel movement – muscles compress abdominal contents 7. Movement of trunk a. Simple flexion: all muscles involved, especially rectus abdominus b. Pelvic tilts c. Oblique flexion or rotation: int oblique on one side and ext oblique on the other side work together
171
Notes: External Abdominal Oblique
- Interdigitates with serratus anterior - Fibers run medially and downward - Lower free edge forms inguinal ligament (ASIS to pubic tubercle)
172
Origin: Internal Abdominal Oblique
1. Thoracolumbar fascia | 2. Iliac crest
173
Insertion: Internal Abdominal Oblique
1. Lower 3 or 4 ribs and costal cartilages | 2. Linea alba
174
Innervation: Internal Abdominal Oblique
Segmental innervation by T7-T12 or L1
175
Action: Internal Abdominal Oblique
1. Add strength to abdominal wall because of various fiber directions 2. Protection of abdominal contents 3. Hold in abdominal contents 4. Support posture – lumbar stabilization especially via transverses abdominus and attachment to thoracolumbar fascia 5. Forced expiration 6. Bowel movement – muscles compress abdominal contents 7. Movement of trunk a. Simple flexion: all muscles involved, especially rectus abdominus b. Pelvic tilts c. Oblique flexion or rotation: int oblique on one side and ext oblique on the other side work together
176
Notes: Internal Abdominal Oblique
Fibers run medially and upward
177
Origin: Transversus Abdominus
1. Thoracolumbar fascia 2. Inner surface of costal cartilages 3. Iliac crest
178
Insertion: Transversus Abdominus
Linea alba
179
Innervation: Transversus Abdominus
Segmental innervation by T7-T12 or L1
180
Action: Transversus Abdominus
1. Add strength to abdominal wall because of various fiber directions 2. Protection of abdominal contents 3. Hold in abdominal contents 4. Support posture – lumbar stabilization especially via transverses abdominus and attachment to thoracolumbar fascia 5. Forced expiration 6. Bowel movement – muscles compress abdominal contents 7. Movement of trunk a. Simple flexion: all muscles involved, especially rectus abdominus b. Pelvic tilts c. Oblique flexion or rotation: int oblique on one side and ext oblique on the other side work together
181
Notes: Transversus Abdominus
Fibers run horizontally
182
Origin: Rectus Abdominus
1. Xiphoid process | 2. Costal cartilages of ribs 5-7
183
Insertion: Rectus Abdominus
1. Pubic crest | 2. Pubic tubercle
184
Innervation: Rectus Abdominus
Segmental innervation by T7-T12 or L1
185
Action: Rectus Abdominus
1. Add strength to abdominal wall because of various fiber directions 2. Protection of abdominal contents 3. Hold in abdominal contents 4. Support posture – lumbar stabilization especially via transverses abdominus and attachment to thoracolumbar fascia 5. Forced expiration 6. Bowel movement – muscles compress abdominal contents 7. Movement of trunk a. Simple flexion: all muscles involved, especially rectus abdominus b. Pelvic tilts c. Oblique flexion or rotation: int oblique on one side and ext oblique on the other side work together
186
Notes: Rectus Abdominus
Fibers run vertically
187
Origin: Splenius Cervicis
Spinous processes T3-T6
188
Insertion: Splenius Cervicis
Transverse processes C1-3
189
Innervation: Splenius Cervicis
Dorsal rami
190
Action: Splenius Cervicis
1. Extends neck (bilateral contraction) | 2. Rotates head to same side (unilateral contraction)
191
Origin: Splenius Capitis
1. Spinous processes C7- T4 | 2. Ligamentum nuchae
192
Insertion: Splenius Capitis
1. Mastoid process | 2. Lateral part of superior nuchal line
193
Innervation: Splenius Capitis
Dorsal rami
194
Action: Splenius Capitis
1. Extends neck (bilateral contraction) | 2. Rotates head to same side (unilateral contraction)
195
Origin: Erector Spinae Iliocostalis a. Lumborum b. Thoracis c. Cervicis
a. Lumborum (common origin): 1. Iliac crest 2. Sacrum 3. Spinous processes of T11-T12 4. Lumbar vertebrae b. Thoracis: lower ribs c. Cervicis: upper ribs
196
Insertion: Erector Spinae Iliocostalis a. Lumborum b. Thoracis c. Cervicis
1. Lumborum: lower ribs 2. Thoracis: upper ribs insertion 3. Cervicis: cervical transverse processes
197
Innervation: Erector Spinae Iliocostalis a. Lumborum b. Thoracis c. Cervicis
Dorsal rami
198
Action: Erector Spinae Iliocostalis a. Lumborum b. Thoracis c. Cervicis
1. Extends back (bilateral contraction) 2. Lateral flexion of trunk (unilateral contraction) 3. Controls flexion eccentrically against gravity
199
Notes: Erector Spinae Iliocostalis a. Lumborum b. Thoracis c. Cervicis
Most lateral portion of erector spinae
200
Origin: Erector Spinae Longissimus a. Thoracis b. Cervicis c. Capitis
Thoracis (common origin): 1. Iliac crest 2. Sacrum 3. Spinous processes of T11-T12 4. Lumbar vertebrae Cervicis: upper 4-6 thoracic transverse processes Capitis: upper cervical transverse processes
201
Insertion: Erector Spinae Longissimus a. Thoracis b. Cervicis c. Capitis
Thoracis: lateral ribs and thoracic transverse processes Cervicis: cervical 2-6 processes Capitis: mastoid process
202
Innervation: Erector Spinae Longissimus a. Thoracis b. Cervicis c. Capitis
Dorsal rami
203
Action: Erector Spinae Longissimus a. Thoracis b. Cervicis c. Capitis
1. Extends back (bilateral contraction) 2. Lateral flexion of trunk (unilateral contraction) 3. Controls flexion eccentrically against gravity
204
Notes: Erector Spinae Longissimus a. Thoracis b. Cervicis c. Capitis
Intermediate portion of erector spinae
205
Origin: Erector Spinae Spinalis
Lower thoracic spinous processes
206
Insertion: Erector Spinae Spinalis
Upper thoracic spinous processes
207
Innervation: Erector Spinae Spinalis
Dorsal rami
208
Action: Erector Spinae Spinalis
1. Extends back (bilateral contraction) 2. Lateral flexion of trunk (unilateral contraction) 3. Controls flexion eccentrically against gravity
209
Notes: Erector Spinae Spinalis
Only well developed in thoracic region
210
Origin: Semispinalis a. Thoracis b. Cervicis c. Capitis
Thoracis and cervicis: transverse processes at appropriate level Capitis: inferior nuchal line
211
Insertion: Semispinalis a. Thoracis b. Cervicis c. Capitis
Thoracis and cervicis: spinous processes at appropriate level Capitis: superior nuchal line
212
Innervation: Semispinalis a. Thoracis b. Cervicis c. Capitis
Dorsal rami
213
Action: Semispinalis a. Thoracis b. Cervicis c. Capitis
Rotation to the opposite side
214
Notes: Semispinalis a. Thoracis b. Cervicis c. Capitis
Transversospinalis muscles -Well developed in cervical area, not seen in lumbar area Lie deep to and are shorter than erector spinae fibers -Thoracis and cervicis fibers cross 4-6 segments -Thoracis and cervicis run upward from lateral to medial (transverse process to spinous process) -Capitis fibers run vertically
215
Origin: Multifidus
Transverse processes
216
Insertion: Multifidus
Spinous processes
217
Innervation: Multifidus
Dorsal rami
218
Action: Multifidus
Rotation to the opposite side
219
Notes: Multifidus
Transversospinalis muscles - Lie deep to and are shorter than erector spinae fibers - Cross 2-4 segments up to C2 - Well developed in lumbar region and easily seen there b/c there is no semispinalis in lumbar - Run upward from lateral to medial (transverse process to spinous process)
220
Origin: Rotators
Transverse processes
221
Insertion: Rotators
Spinous processes
222
Innervation: Rotators
Dorsal rami
223
Action: Rotators
Rotation to the opposite side
224
Notes: Rotators
Transversospinalis muscles - Lie deep to and are shorter than erector spinae fibers - Cross 1 (short) to 2 (long) segments - Run upward from lateral to medial (transverse process to spinous process)
225
Origin: Segmental muscles a. Interspinales b. Intertransversarii
Across adjacent vertebrae on either transverse processes or deep
226
Insertion: Segmental muscles a. Interspinales b. Intertransversarii
-
227
Innervation: Segmental muscles a. Interspinales b. Intertransversarii
Dorsal rami
228
Action: Segmental muscles a. Interspinales b. Intertransversarii
Extends from one vertebra to the next
229
Notes: Segmental muscles a. Interspinales b. Intertransversarii
Only found in cervical and lumbar regions | Will not see in lab
230
Origin: Obliquus Capitis Inferior
Spinous process of axis
231
Insertion: Obliquus Capitis Inferior
Transverse process of atlas
232
Innervation: Obliquus Capitis Inferior
Suboccipital nerve (C1)
233
Action: Obliquus Capitis Inferior
Rotates atlas and head to same side
234
Notes: Obliquus Capitis Inferior
- Suboccipital muscles | - Connect atlas & axis to each other and to the skull
235
Origin: Obliquus Capitis Superior
Transverse process of atlas
236
Insertion: Obliquus Capitis Superior
Near inferior nuchal line
237
Innervation: Obliquus Capitis Superior
Suboccipital nerve (C1)
238
Action: Obliquus Capitis Superior
1. Extends neck (bilateral contraction) | 2. Lateral flexion of neck (unilateral contraction)
239
Notes: Obliquus Capitis Superior
Suboccipital muscles Connect atlas and axis to each other and to the skull
240
Origin: Rectus Capitis Posterior Major
Spinous process of axis
241
Insertion: Rectus Capitis Posterior Major
Inferior nuchal line near middle
242
Innervation: Rectus Capitis Posterior Major
Suboccipital nerve (C1)
243
Action: Rectus Capitis Posterior Major
Extends neck (bilateral contraction)
244
Notes: Rectus Capitis Posterior Major
Suboccipital muscles Connect atlas and axis to each other and to the skull
245
Origin: Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor
Posterior tubercle of atlas
246
Insertion: Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor
Partially under cover of Major near inferior nuchal line
247
Innervation: Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor
Suboccipital nerve (C1)
248
Action: Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor
Extends neck (bilateral contraction)
249
Notes: Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor
Suboccipital muscles Connect atlas and axis to each other and to the skull