Troublesome Ireland: Tyrone's Rebellion, 1594-1603

Question 1

In 1595, how large was Tyrone’s army?

Answer 1

5,000 men and 1,000 Calvary

Question 2

Who did they gain support from?

Answer 2

Irish men who were viewed as good fighters

Question 3

When did Tyrone rebel?

Answer 3

May 1595

Question 4

Which part of Ireland did the rebellion spread to?

Answer 4

Ulster, Connaught, Munster, and Leinster

Question 5

Who were the key supporters during the rebellion?

Answer 5

Florence Macarthy and James Fitzthomas

Question 6

What did Tyrone want from the English government?

Answer 6

Control over Ulster

Question 7

How did Queen Elizabeth react to Tyrone’s rebellion?

Answer 7

She rejected his demands, so this causes Tyrone’s grievances to increase

Question 8

What did Elizabeth do to restore Anglo-Irish relations?

Answer 8

She made Hugh O’Neill the Earl of Tyrone in 1585

Question 9

What did Tyrone do from feeling threatened by English government?

Answer 9

Marry the sister of Henry Bagenal , he refused so they eloped.

Question 10

Why did Hugh O’Donnell want to rise up against English forces?

Answer 10

He was kidnapped and imprisoned in a castle for 4 years, he escaped in 1591.

Question 11

Why did Tyrone’s army pose a threat to England?

Answer 11

Was large, well organised, uses both English and Spanish captains to train his men.

Question 12

How did the Irish army compare to the English army in 1596?

Answer 12

5732 footmen, 617 Calvary (English)

6000 footmen, 1200 Calvary (Irish)

Question 13

What actions did Elizabeth take when she realised she was outnumbered?

Answer 13

She sent her largest army under the leadership of Earl of Essex

Question 14

What were the causes of Tyrone’s rebellion?

Answer 14

Anglo lords left alienated by monarchy.

Break with Rome, increased need of control and religious tension.

Question 15

What were the long term causes of the rebellion?

Answer 15

Tudor monarch claimed to have the right to rule Ireland.

Irish practice of tanistry not linked by English

Question 16

Define tanistry

Answer 16

Inheritance dictated by those who have the family name (seen as threatening to England)

Question 17

What was Tyrone’s demands ?

Answer 17

• Church of Ireland gov by Pope
• No Irishmen punished or lose land bc of ancestor ‘wrong doings’
• All Irish priests and religious men to be released if they imprisoned and go where they please

Question 18

What was the size of Earl of Essex’s army?

Answer 18

17,200

Question 19

What happened in the battle of Clontibert?

Answer 19

May 1595, Irish victory, Tyrone ambushes Bagenal and his 1,750 men with 4,000 men. Ends in 31 dead English and over 109 wounded

Question 20

What did Elizabeth do in Ireland due to the Northern Earls?

Answer 20

She was fearful that history will repeat itself, so she wanted to make Ireland conform to English rule.

Question 21

Why was Tyrone’s rebellion hard to suppress?

Answer 21

Essex divided his army of 17,000-putting half into garrisons and sending the rest into provinces

Question 22

What mistake did Elizabeth make?

Answer 22

Not until 1599, years after commencement, that she sent a force large enough to deal with the rebellion

Question 23

Why was England weak during the rebellion?

Answer 23

Lord Deputy FitzWilliam was elderly and unable to control the chieftains. Elizabeth’s change of leaded- 7 in 8 years didn’t help the situation