Troublesome Ireland: Tyrone's Rebellion, 1594-1603 Flashcards
In 1595, how large was Tyrone’s army?
5,000 men and 1,000 Calvary
Who did they gain support from?
Irish men who were viewed as good fighters
When did Tyrone rebel?
May 1595
Which part of Ireland did the rebellion spread to?
Ulster, Connaught, Munster, and Leinster
Who were the key supporters during the rebellion?
Florence Macarthy and James Fitzthomas
What did Tyrone want from the English government?
Control over Ulster
How did Queen Elizabeth react to Tyrone’s rebellion?
She rejected his demands, so this causes Tyrone’s grievances to increase
What did Elizabeth do to restore Anglo-Irish relations?
She made Hugh O’Neill the Earl of Tyrone in 1585
What did Tyrone do from feeling threatened by English government?
Marry the sister of Henry Bagenal , he refused so they eloped.
Why did Hugh O’Donnell want to rise up against English forces?
He was kidnapped and imprisoned in a castle for 4 years, he escaped in 1591.
Why did Tyrone’s army pose a threat to England?
Was large, well organised, uses both English and Spanish captains to train his men.
How did the Irish army compare to the English army in 1596?
5732 footmen, 617 Calvary (English)
6000 footmen, 1200 Calvary (Irish)
What actions did Elizabeth take when she realised she was outnumbered?
She sent her largest army under the leadership of Earl of Essex
What were the causes of Tyrone’s rebellion?
Anglo lords left alienated by monarchy.
Break with Rome, increased need of control and religious tension.
What were the long term causes of the rebellion?
Tudor monarch claimed to have the right to rule Ireland.
Irish practice of tanistry not linked by English
Define tanistry
Inheritance dictated by those who have the family name (seen as threatening to England)
What was Tyrone’s demands ?
- Church of Ireland gov by Pope
- No Irishmen punished or lose land bc of ancestor ‘wrong doings’
- All Irish priests and religious men to be released if they imprisoned and go where they please
What was the size of Earl of Essex’s army?
17,200
What happened in the battle of Clontibert?
May 1595, Irish victory, Tyrone ambushes Bagenal and his 1,750 men with 4,000 men. Ends in 31 dead English and over 109 wounded
What did Elizabeth do in Ireland due to the Northern Earls?
She was fearful that history will repeat itself, so she wanted to make Ireland conform to English rule.
Why was Tyrone’s rebellion hard to suppress?
Essex divided his army of 17,000-putting half into garrisons and sending the rest into provinces
What mistake did Elizabeth make?
Not until 1599, years after commencement, that she sent a force large enough to deal with the rebellion
Why was England weak during the rebellion?
Lord Deputy FitzWilliam was elderly and unable to control the chieftains. Elizabeth’s change of leaded- 7 in 8 years didn’t help the situation
