Breadth study: Developments in Tudor Government and Administration Flashcards
What power did the monarch hold over parliament at the start of the Tudor period?
veto laws
summon and dismiss parliament at will
What powers did parliament have at the start of the Tudor period?
grant taxation
pass and legitimise monarch’s laws
supplement monarch’s income
Who sat in the House of Lords?
hereditary peers and high ranking members of the clergy such as bishops
Who sat in the House of Commons?
MPs, two fro every county in England and some boroughs
What was required of an MP to be elected?
MPs had to be own property which generated an income of at least 40 shillings
What did the requirements for an MP mean for voting?
it meant that voting was restricted to those wealthy enough to own property
What did some members of the nobility do to ensure their client would win?
Nobility would commonly exercise their patronage
Who was famous for using their patronage to bring about the return of MPs?
The powerful dukes of Norfolk
Who’s views would parliament usually represent?
That of the landed gentry and the nobility
What would need to happen to a bill before it reached Royal Assent?
The proposed bill would have to be heard in both the Lords and Commons
What areas did the Commons increase their concerns for?
taxation, finance, religion and royal succession
How many times did Henry VII call parliament?
7
Why did Henry VII call parliament so little?
only to grant taxation
What happened in the Parliament of 1504?
Parliament granted a smaller taxation than that requested of Henry VII
What was significant about the first parliament Henry VII called?
They acknowledged his right to be King, securing his claim to the throne
What was significant about the Acts of Attainder?
It allowed Henry to prosecute the Yorkist pretenders without trial
How many times did Henry VIII call parliament between 1509 and 1529?
4
What was the role of parliament between 1509 and 1529?
grant funding for Henry VIII’s wars
What happened in 1517 that affected the relationship between Henry and parliament?
Henry had lost all his winnings from the wars, therefore parliament grew reluctant to increase their allowance of money
Why did relationship between crown and parliament change in 1529?
Henry VIII tried to use parliament to get an annulment from Catherine of Aragon
What titles could the pope appoint?
cardinals, archbishops and bishops
Who was a example of how the church helped them grow in power?
Thomas Wolsey, who was the son of a butcher
Who was a famous humanist?
Henry VII
What arguments did humanists propose?
the corruption of the catholic church, its exploitation of peoples fears and the sale of indulgences ( a document which could be brought in forgiveness of sins)
In what ways was the catholic church seen to be ‘out of touch’?
services were in Latin, worshipping saints was considered superstitious by the populace, many clergymen held multiple positions.
What is an example displaying the healthy relationship between crown and papacy under Henry VII?
The pope appointed John Morton, Henry’s candidate as Archbishop of Canterbury
Why was the church criticised by parliament in 1515?
the tone of Anticlericalism and the Hunne affair
Why was the marriage to Catherine of Aragon difficult for Henry VIII?
She had not produced a son, so Henry thought it was God’s punishment
How had parliament tried to stop the pope’s power prior to Wolsey’s rise to power?
The Act of Conditional Restraint of Annates, which temporarily stopped payments to Rome from churchmen
How did the Submission of the Clergy shift the power from the church to the crown?
English clergymen agreed to submit to Henry’s power, couldn’t call Convocation without the crown’s permission or allowed to pass canons (Church laws)
What did the Act of Restraint in Appeals 1533 do and how did it make the monarch more powerful?
it stopped legal appeals going to Rome, an instead went to Royal court. It is the first act that outlined the monarch’s power
What did the 1534 Act of Supremacy do?
Proclaimed Henry VIII as head of the English Church
