Tropical Rainforests Case Study Flashcards

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1
Q

Logging in the Amazon Rainforest

A
  • Mahogany and Teak used for furniture
  • Less valuable trees used for fuelwood or to improve access to the more valuable trees
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2
Q

Road Building in the Amazon Rainforest

A
  • Required to access the rainforest
  • Used to bring in heavy transport and machinery and to send goods to market
  • Transamazon Highway
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3
Q

Mineral extraction in the Amazon Rainforest

A
  • Gold, Bauxite and Copper in Brazil
  • Gold, Tin and Copper in Borneo
  • Coal in Borneo for 99% of Malaysia’s supply
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4
Q

Energy Development in the Amazon Rainforest

A
  • High rainfall for HEP
  • Construction causes vast areas of rainforest to flood
  • Water becomes acidic, as the flooded rainforest rots
  • Turbines and dams corrode
  • Silt, from surface run-off, blocks dams
  • Belo Monte Dam in Brazil dams the Xingu River, flooded 40,000 hectares and displace 20,000 people
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5
Q

Farming in the Amazon Rainforest

A
  • Indigenous tribes use subsistence farming
  • Cattle ranching the lead cause of deforestation
  • Soy, Palm Oil and Sugar Cane
  • Destruction of the nutrient cycle by deforestation means that land cannot support a herd for long
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6
Q

Population Growth in the Amazon Rainforest

A
  • Economic activities’ workers live in the rainforest
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7
Q

River Pollution in the Amazon Rainforest

A

-Mercury is used to separate gold, which seeps into the ground and water sources, poisoning fish and local settlements
- Rivers polluted by silt from soil erosion

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8
Q

Decline of Indigenous Tribes in the Amazon Rainforest

A
  • The number of tribes has dropped from 330 to 240
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9
Q

Biodiversity Loss in the Amazon Rainforest

A
  • 137 plant and animal species lost everyday, 50,000 a day
  • By 2030, the Amazon will have lost 30-45% of their main species
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10
Q

2006 International Tropical Timber Agreement

A
  • Restricts trade in tropical hardwood
  • Tropical hardwoods are extremely valuable
  • All hardwood timber must be marked with a registration number
  • Governments are using satellites and drones to monitor illegal logging
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11
Q

Debt Reduction in the Amazon Rainforest

A
  • USA allows Brazil to convert the £13.5 million that they owe them into rainforest conservation
  • Western governments agreed to reduce the debt that Costa Rica owed as long as they spend £27 million on conservation
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