Tropical Disease in the Returned Traveller Flashcards
What are the symptoms of ebola?
It triggers a haemoraggic fever causing blood vessels to burst, causing you to bleed internaly and externally.
How is ebola transmitted?
It is caused by a virus
It is transmitted by any bodily fluids
What are the symptoms of zika?
Some people are asymptomatic, it is flu like in others, however some pregnant women babies were born with microchephaly (head smaller than normal).
There is also suspicion that asymptomatic people will develop guillan barre syndrome later. In this syndrome there is a breakdown of the nervous system.
How is zika transmitted?
It is a caused by a virus
Transmitted by mosquitoes
What are the symptoms of malaria?
Parasites invade your liver then your red blood cells, depending on the species of plasmodium parasites, every 2 or 3 days parasites will erupt out of your red blood cells and the response to this causes fever, this will then repeat.
What are the symptoms of falciparum malaria?
Parasites top red blood cells getting through the spleen, they get caught in blood vessels, making blood/oxygen unable to travel to brain, we die of cerebral malaria.
How is malaria transmitted?
It is caused by a parasite
And is transmitted by mosquitoes
What are the symptoms of lymphatic filariasis?
Parasitic worms live beneth the skin, lymphatic vessles and blood causing thickening of the skin and swelling of the limbs
How is lymphatic filariasis transmitted?
It is caused by a parasite
Transmitted by mosquitoes
What are some other mosquito borne diseases?
yellow fever, dengue, chikungunga, west nile virus
What are some diseases caused by other arthropods?
plague, lyme disease, leshminiasis, african/american trypanosomiasis, relapsing fever
What are the symptoms of american trypanosomiasis?
Kissing bugs like to suck blood from our lips, they deficate on you while doing this and then you itch the faeces into your lip, causing the parasite to invade the cells around the body, it will cause grogginess then you may have no symptoms before you may suddenly suffer a heart attack or expanded esophagus
How are american trypanosomiasis transmitted?
It is caused by a parasite
transmitted by kissing bugs
What are the symptoms of african trypanosomiasis?
it causes sleeping sickness
How is african trypanosomiasis transmitted?
It is caused by a parasite
transmitted by tsetse flies
What are the symptoms of leshmaniasis?
Immune system eats away mucosal membranes, it can return worse if not treated properly.
How is leshmaniasis transmitted?
It is caused by a parasite
transmitted by sandflies
What are some examples of water borne diseases?
- cholera
- salmonella
- e.coli
- shigells
- amoebiasis
- cryptosporidiosis
What are the symptoms of cholera?
Bacteria gets into intestine and causes leakage of body fluids into intestine, causing serious diarrhea, makes you dehydrate very quickly and can kill in hours
What are the symptoms of schistosomiasis?
Caught in fresh water, worms here may lay many eggs which become lodged in tissues, thus causing damage
What are some examples of respiratory diseases?
- SARS
- Covid
What are some examples of STI’s?
- HIV
- Herpes
- Gonorrhea
- Thrush
- Syphiles
- Chlymadia
What should you do with a returning traveller?
- Take full travel history
- Refer to specialist ID centre if any doubts
What should you do with a Prospective Traveller?
- Assess risks in region of destination
- Offer advice on avoidance of disease, drug prophylaxis and necessary vaccines
