Trojan Saga Flashcards

Question

Eris

Answer 1

Minor deity, Eris (‘Discord’), not invited § T osses Golden Apple among guests § Inscribed- "to the Fairest’

Answer 2

greatest of Trojan heroes § Brother of Paris ndromache: wife of Hector § Mother of Astyanax §Andromache pleads with Hector §To fight Achilles = Death-wish § Andromache: widowed § Astyanax: orphaned Duel between Hector & Achilles § Hector faces Achilles alone § Loses courage and runs § Chased 3x around T roy § Savagery of Achilles § Refuses to show Hector mercy § Slaughters Hector § Drags corpse behind chariot § Brings corpse to tent Thetis intervenes § Brings message from Zeus § Achilles must relent § King Priam sneaks into Greek camp § Aided by Hermes § Ransoms Hector’s body § Iliad ends with funeral of Hector

Answer 3

Ms. Olympia’ § All heroes want to marry her § T yndareus worried about rejected suitors § Odysseus solves T yndareus’ problem § Negotiates own marriage to Penelope Odysseus’ 2 conditions: § All suitors must abide by T yndareus’ decision § Should Helen be abducted: § All must vow to rescue her § T yndareus’ Choice: § Menelaus, King of Sparta

Answer 4

Trojan Seer 3 possibilities for fall of Troy 1. Neoptolemus ‘New Recruit’ § Son of Achilles § Brutally slaughters Priam at altar §2. The Palladium § Statue of Athena § Protectress of city § 3. Bow of Heracles § Philoctetes from Lemnos

Answer 5

Judgement of Paris § Contestants: § Hera, Athena & Aphrodite

Answer 6

Philoctetes abandoned on Lemnos § Left with bow & arrows of Heracles § Only man brave enough to light Heracles’ pyre § T rojan, Helenus prophesies § T roy captured only with aid of Heracles’ bow § Philoctetes at last rescued § Along with bow! § Kills Paris

Answer 7

Priest of Apollo § Declares Sinon a Liar & Horse a Ruse § Hurls spear into horse’s Side § 2 Sea-Serpents attack Laocoön § Kill Him & His 2 sons

Answer 8

Laomedon was a Trojan king, son of Ilus and thus nephew of Ganymede and Assaracus. Laomedon was variously identified with different parents and siblings, as well as numerous children, including Priam and Tithonus.

Answer 9

Leda, wife of Tyndareus Zeus appears to her disguised as swan = 2 eggs, 4 kids (pollux and Helen, castor and clytemnestra)

Answer 10

T yndareus’ Choice: § Menelaus, King of Sparta

Answer 11

legendary inhabitants of Thessaly in Greece, were known for their fierce devotion to Achilles, the king who led them in the Trojan War. Myrmex means "ant" in Greek, an image that evokes small and insignificant workers mindlessly fulfilling their duties.

Answer 12

New Recruit’ § Son of Achilles § Brutally slaughters Priam at altar

Answer 13

Nestor was an Argonaut, helped to fight the centaurs, and also participated in the hunt for the Calydonian Boar. He became the King of Pylos after Heracles killed Neleus and all of Nestor's brothers

Answer 14

Heroes all assemble at Aulis § But not all come willingly § ‘Wily Odysseus’ feigns madness § Recently a father § Son: T elemachus § Wife: Penelope § Plows field with ox and ass § Sows field with salt § Palamedes places Telemachus before plow § Odysseus’ ruse discovered Agamemnon decides to appease Achilles § Sends: § Odysseus § Phoenix (Achilles’ Tutor) § Ajax (a.k.a. Ajax the Great(er)) § Son of Telamon Odysseus’ Speech § Appeals to Achilles’ wounded pride § More than amply compensated § Added incentive § Briseïs returned to him § Untouched by Agamemnon Odysseus Speaks § Achilles Rejects Proposals § Regards them as Bribes § Achilles displaying Hubris? Odysseus v. Ajax §Each claims Achilles’ arms §Before assembly of Greeks § Athena as arbiter §Odysseus awarded arms §Grounds for Award §Trojan prisoners’ claim § Odysseus the more devastating foe

Answer 15

Judgement of Paris § Contestants: § Hera, Athena & Aphrodite § Zeus intervenes -Chooses Paris as judge § A.k.a. Alexander § son of Priam, King of Troy Three guests, Hera, Athena and Aphrodite, after some disputation, agreed to have Paris of Troy choose the fairest one. Paris chose Aphrodite, she having bribed him with the most beautiful mortal woman in the world, Helen of Sparta, wife of Menelaus

Answer 16

Achilles’ best friend § Hector burns Greek ships § Achilles still refuses to fight § Allows Patroclus to Wear his armour § Warns him not to Fight Hector § Patroclus disregards warning § Hector Slays Patroclus § Strips Patroclus of his (Achilles’) armour Achilles avenge Patroclus’ death § Seals own fate §Thetis brings Achilles new armour §Fashioned by Hephaestus § Shield of Achilles

Answer 17

Fatherof Achilles § Child of Peleus & Thetis (Nereid) § Child to be greater than father

Answer 18

Queen of Amazons § Achilles kills & strips her of armour § But falls in love as he kills her

Answer 19

fall of troy Philoctetes § Philoctetes bitten in foot by snake § Wound develops powerful stench § Philoctetes abandoned on Lemnos § Left with bow & arrows of Heracles § Only man brave enough to light Heracles’ pyre § T rojan, Helenus prophesies § T roy captured only with aid of Heracles’ bow § Philoctetes at last rescued § Along with bow! § Kills Paris

Answer 20

Agamemnon decides to appease Achilles § Sends: § Odysseus § Phoenix (Achilles’ Tutor) § Ajax (a.k.a. Ajax the Great(er)) § Son of T elamon Phoenix Speaks § Plays upon Achilles’ sentiments § Achilles rejects Phoenix’s proposals

Answer 21

Achilles’s Ghost demands sacrifice § P olyxena § Daughter of Priam & Hecuba § Medieval Variant §Achilles in love with Polyxena § Ambushed by Paris § During tryst with Polyxena

Answer 22

Hecuba’s Dream § Hecuba (Hekabē),Mother of Paris, § Gives birth to firebrand that destroys Troy § Paris exposed on Mt. Ida § Raised by shepherd

Answer 23

son of Zeus, the king of the gods, and Laodameia, the daughter of Bellerophon; he was a Lycian prince and a hero in the Trojan War. As recounted in Homer's Iliad, Book XVI, Sarpedon fought with distinction on the side of the Trojans but was slain by the Greek warrior Patroclus.

Answer 24

Greeks leave behind Sinon § Pretends he’s escaped § Human sacrifice § Explains horse as Offering to Athena § Size is to prevent its being brought into Troy Lacoon declares Sinon a Liar & Horse a Ruse § Hurls spear into horse’s Side

Answer 25

AchillesT aunted by Thersites § ‘Ugliest man at Troy’ § Achilles slays Thersites § Withdraws to Lesbos § Purified by Odysseus

Answer 26

Wedding of Peleus & Thetis Achilles’ Prophecy § ‘Y ou will tear your heart, angry that you did not honour the best of the Achaeans’ § Intervention of Thetis § Achilles’ mother § Thetis § Supplicates Zeus § Obtains Zeus’ oath § Achilles to be honoured § T rojans succeed as long as Achilles absent

Answer 27

Join Jason & the Argonauts § Violent Storm § Flame flickers from Brothers’ heads § Storm ceases instantly § Flames known as ‘Castor & Pollux’ § Later: St Elmo’s Fire § Castor killed in fight §Pollux avenges brother’s death § Shares immortality with Castor

Answer 28

Various Sources §Summaries of Lost Epics §A.k.a. Epic Cycle, or, Trojan Cycle § E.g. Nostoi: ‘Returns’ § T ragedy §Art §Vergil’s Aeneid

Answer 29

Odysseus commissions Epeus to build horse § Homer’ s Odyssey § Virgil’ s Aeneid § Greeks sail away § Hidden behind island of T enedos § Greeks leave behind Sinon § Pretends he’s escaped § Human sacrifice § Explains horse as Offering to Athena § Size is to prevent its being brought into T roy