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Hades and Orpheus Flashcards

1
Q

Acheron

A

river of woe in underworld

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2
Q

Achilles

A

gloomy greek view of afterlife - better to slave on earth then go to Hades

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3
Q

Aeacus

A

judge of sinners in tartarus

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4
Q

Aeneas

A

personified abstractions - greif, cares, old age etc.
monsters of all kinds
arrived at river of Acheron - boundary of Dis realm
Charon is the ferry of the Dead, crosses river of styx

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5
Q

Anticleia and Odysseus

A

Tries 3x to embrace mother and fails

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6
Q

Ajax

A

rescues corpse of Achilles and is rewarded armour from Odysseus but he goes berserk and commits suicide

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7
Q

Anchises

A

???

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8
Q

Avernus

A

Avernus was believed to be the entrance to the underworld

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9
Q

Calliope

A

mother of orpheus

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10
Q

Centaurus

A

born from seed of Ixion

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11
Q

Cerberus

A

guards underworld

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12
Q

Charon

A

ferryman of the dead

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13
Q

Cumaean Sibyl

A

Went to underworld with Aeneus

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14
Q

Danaïds

A

50 daughters of Danaus, King of Argos
compelled to marry cousins
gives each daughter a knife to kill husbands on wedding night - all obey except Hypermnestra

49 were eternally punished - compelled to fill leaky water jars

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15
Q

Dryad

A

eurydice was a dryad

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16
Q

Elpenor and Odysseus

A

Unwept and unburied

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17
Q

Elysium / Elysian Fields

A

kind of paradise - heaven
realm of purification for 1000 years
borrowed from plato

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18
Q

Erebus

A

another name for hades meaning darkness

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19
Q

Erinyes / Furies / Eumenides

A

Hades’ bloodhounds

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20
Q

Golden Bough

A

Aeneas requires bough
§ Sacred to Proserpina
§ Accompanied by Cumaean Sibyl
§ Lake Avernus at Cumae
§ Opening to Underworld

21
Q

Hades (Pluto, Dis) and Persephone (Proserpina)

A

Unseen, Invisible

Pluto: wealth or enricher

Roman name is Dis, orcus

persephone is queen of the underworld

“Underground Zeus”
Polyxenos - host to many
Polydegmon - receiver of many

22
Q

Hecate

A

Hecate is a chthonic Goddess, meaning she regularly travels to the underworld, usually as a guide to the dead

23
Q

Homer’s Odyssey, Book 11

A

Nekuia, “Book of the Dead”
§ “Summoning of Corpses/Ghosts

24
Q

Ixion

A

King of Lapiths
Guilty of 2 crimes
1) shed kindred blood - shed FIL blood and zeus purified
2) lusted after Hera - punished by Zeus

Makes an image of Hera from cloud and Ixion tries to rape cloud image, spills seed on ground and Centauraus was born (all lustful except Chiron)

Eternal punishment bound to rotating wheel of fire

25
Hypermnestra
did not use knife to kill husband like her sisters and was not punished
26
Katabasis
descent into underworld
27
Lapiths
The Lapiths were an Aeolian tribe who, like the Myrmidons, were natives of Thessaly. The genealogies make them a kindred people with the centaurs
28
Lethe
souls drink from river of Lethe, river of oblivion (forget past life)
29
Metempsychosis
transmigration of souls - each souls chooses new life Lachesis tosses out lots and choice of life is the souls
30
Minos
judge of sinners in tartarus
31
Nekuia
book of the dead
32
Nephele
cloud form of Hera, raped by Ixion
33
Orcus
Orcus was a god of the Underworld and punisher of broken oaths in Roman religion
34
Orpheus
Orpheus § Son of Apollo & Calliope (a Muse) § Or son of Oeagrus § (Thracian river-god) & a Muse § Archetype of poet/musician § Famed for beautiful voice and lyre-playing § Music to “soothe a savage breast” § Can even animate inanimate nature § T ragic Love Story § Ill-fated wife, Eurydice § A Dryad (wood-nymph) Eurydice dies from snake bite and Orpheus goes to underworld to bring her back, charms Cerberus and Charon with music, also charms Hades and Persephone and is allowed to bring Eurydice back ONLY IF HE DOESNT LOOK BACK - but turns and loses her Withdraws to Thrace § Music his solace § Rejects all women! § Maenads slaughter Orpheus at Dionysus’ behest § Sparagmos § Remains scattered in Hebrus river § Disembodied head keeps singing § Also said to prophesy § Lyre miraculously keeps playing § Spirit of Orpheus reunited with Eurydice
35
Orphism
Orpheus claimed as prophet and religious teacher hero-cult worshipped in death by son Orphsim accepted as mystery religion
36
Phlegethon
flaming river surrounding tartarus
37
Plato’s “Myth of Er”
Plato’s Myth of Er § Enter: Morality § Punishment & Reward for all § In proportion to good or evil one does § E.g., Ardiaeus of Pamphylia § Tyrant eternally punished
38
Rhadamanthus
judge of sinners in tartarus
39
Sisyphus
trickster, Cheats Thanatos twice 1) chains death and Freed by ares 2) orders wife not to perform burial rites punished to eternally slide boulder uphill
40
Styx
hateful - river
41
Tantalus
tried to test the gods - killed and cooked his son eternal punishment to be hungry and thirsty
42
Tartarus
place of punishment in underworld - hell surrounded by flaming river
43
Thanatos
cheated by sisyphus twice
44
Tisiphone
one of the furies, guards river of Phlegethon
45
Tiresias
alone of the dead that possesses wits - but needs blood to give a prophecy
46
Tityus
tried to rape Leto, eternal punishment bound by liver and eaten b vultures
47
Vergil’s Aeneid, Book 6
The Golden Bough § Aeneas requires bough § Sacred to Proserpina § Accompanied by Cumaean Sibyl § Lake Avernus at Cumae § Opening to Underworld
48
Death
psyche (breath and soul) separated from soma (body)

Classics (14 decks)

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