trigger - CKD 2 Flashcards
immune complex “humps” on kidney biopsy
postinfectious glomerulonephritis
do not confuse with membranous nephropathy which is CAUSED by immune complex deposition
smoky coca cola colored urine
glomerulonephritis (MC symptom in bergers IgA)
IgA deposition in vessel walls
henoch schonlein purpura
presents with arthralgias and abdominal symtpoms (nausea, colic, melena)
henoch schonlein purpura
associated with peripheral edema, dyspnea, pleural effusions and ascites
nephrotic syndrome
oval fat bodies on urine sediment
nephrotic syndrome with marked HLD
grape clusters or maltese crosses on urine sediment
nephrotic syndrome
elevated ESR
nephrotic syndrome
and
cholesterol atheroembolic disease
nephrotic syndrome with protein malnutrition and thromboembolic events
minimal change disease!
what is the only thing in this lecture that is blatently stated to be treated with corticosteroids
minimal change disease!
it says to use corticosteroids in nephrotic syndromes but only states steroids in the treatment for this disease! so thats what im going with.
(note: in membranous nephropathy you do use “immunosuppressive agents” but idk if thats steroids)
caused by immune complex deposition
membranous nephropathy!
edema and frothy urine
membranous nephropathy
enlarged kidneys are seen in what diagnosis
amyloidosis and ARPKD
caused by medications specifically analgesics (2)
- acute interstitial nephritis
- analgesic nephropathy
presents with HTN, pain, and hydronephrosis
obstructive uropathy
also presents with: bladder distension
may see hematuria or pyuria on UA
serum Cr elevated
obstructive uropathy
what three diagnoses present with pyuria
- obstructive uropathy (sometimes)
- analgesic nephropathy
- nephrocalcinosis
what presents as frequent UTIs in children
vesicouretal reflux disease
when is voiding cystourethrogram used
vesicouretal reflux disease!
an adult US shows:
- asymmetric small kidneys
- irregular outlines
- thin cortices
- areas of compensatory hypertrophy
what disease do they likley have?
vesicouretal reflux disease
UA shows sloughed papillae
analgesic nephropathy
CT shows small scarred kidneys with papillary calcifications
analgesic nephropathy
also see: golf ball on a tee sign and sloughed papillae
RBC casts
glomerulonephritis
when would you use plasma exchange
goodpastures or pauci-immune glomerulonephritis
caused by inceased urinary excretion of Ca, phosphate and/or oxalate
nephrocalcinosis
hyperparathyroidism, vitamin D therapy and loop diuretics are all a risk factor for what
nephrocalcinosis
what is a risk factor for a cyst being an adenocarcinoma
development of the cyst after onset of dialysis
in what diseases do we see renal salt wasting
- medullary cystic kidney disease
- autoimmune interstitial nephritis
presents as polyuria, pallor, lethagy
medullary cystic kidney disease
also presents with: renal salt wasting. can cause HTN and hyperuricemia later on
treated with vasopressin receptor antagonists, ocreotide or tolvaptan
ADPKD to prevent cyst growth
pt presents with enlarged tubules with small cysts only on the collecting tubules
ARPKD
pt presents with impaired urine concentration, metabolic acidosis, and HTN
ARPKD
what 2 diseases present with metabolic acidosis
ARPKD
autoimmune interstitial nephritis
pulmonary hypoplasia due to oligohydramnios is found in what disease
ARPKD
what disease can have complications such as potal HTN and periportal fibrosis
ARPKD
caused by atherosclerosis
renal artery stenosis
unexplained HTN in women under 40 is suggestive of what disease?
renal artery stenosis due to suspected fibromuscular dysplasia
presents with pulmonary edema and abdominal bruits!
renal artery stenosis
US revealing small hyperechoic kidneys
bilateral RAS
US revealing large hyperechoic kidneys
ARPKD
renal angiography is gold standard for diagnosis of what
RAS
risk factors include african american race (5x more common)
nephrosclerosis
caused by cholesterol crystals breaking free of vascular plaque and traveling and lodging in downstream microvessels
cholesterol atheroembolic disease
assocaited with heparin and thrombolytic use
cholesterol atheroembolic disease
associated with vascular surgery and trauma
cholesterol atheroembolic disease
risk factors include ischemic cardiac disease
cholesterol atheroembolic disease
associated with livedo reticularis and localized gangrene
cholesterol atheroembolic disease
symptoms include fever, abdominal pain and worsening HTN/renal function
cholesterol atheroembolic disease
labs show low complement, elevated ESR, and eosinophilia
cholesterol atheroembolic disease
what would suggest RCC in PDPKD
recurrent hematuria
complications include aneurysms and valve diseases
ADPKD
what presents with fever, flank pain and increased WBC
infected cysts in ADPKD
