Trichostrongyloidea 2 Cooperia, Nematodirus, Haemonchus Flashcards
Cooperia occur where and in what main species
small intestine
cattle
cooperia: what is the main species in south Australia?
Northern Australia?
SA: C. oncophora
NA: C. pectinata, C. punctata
Prepatent period of cooperia and type of lifecycle
15 days
direct life cycle
Where is L3 cooperia located within the host
L3 burrows into the mucosal glands
Where is L4 cooperia located within the host
L4 has anterior end in glands but body in lumen of SI
Where is the adult cooperia located in the host
lumen of SI
Does cooperia do hypobiosis
hypobiosis prominent
What is the pathogenesis of cooperia (3 points)
- nematodes brace themselves against villi
- cause mild villous atrophy, some erosion of epith
- burdens of 50000 or more cause anorexia and diarrhea
When will the host become infected with cooperia in souther Australia
pick up occurs during winter
Where is Nematodirus sp located and in what species
small intestine of sheep and cattle
What species of nematodirus infect sheep in the small intestine (3)
N. spathiger
N. filicollis
N. abnormalis
What species of nematodirus affects cattle and sheep but is not located in Australia
N. battus (most pathogenic)
what species of nematodirus infects cattle small intestine
N. helvetianus
What are three defining features of cooperia
- size: ~9mm
• small cephalic vesicle
• oesophageal region: transverse cuticular striations
• body: longitudinal cuticular ridges
• spicules: wing-like expansion in the middle region with ridges
• no gubernaculum! (male worms)
What are three defining features of Nematodirus
- size ~25 mm
- coiled
- cephalic vesicle
- long thin spicules
- female with spiked tail
- very large eggs**
Where does L1-L3 in nematodirus occur
in the EGG
Where are L3 of nematodirus located in the host
L3 burrows into mucosal glands or coils around villi of small intesine
Where is L4 of nematodirus located in the host
L4 returns to lumen-> adults
does hypobiosis occur in nematodirus
hypobiosis is important
what is the ppp of nematodirus
18-21 days
pathogenesis of nematodirus
coil villi and cause damage to epith cells
villous atrophy
diarrhea is a common clinical sign
Epidemiology of nematodirus
- egg with L3 inside is highly resistant
- can survive over summer
- pick up is most greatest in winter
What is Haemonchus common name, where is it located, and species it infects
barbers pole
abomasum
sheep, cattle, deer, camel
What species of haemonchus affects sheep? cattle?
sheep: H. contortus
catttle: H. placei
Name three defining features of haemonchus
- 2-3 cm long
- red; white female genitalia coiled to give barber’s pole effect
- tooth in buccal capsule
- asymmetrical dorsal ray
- tooth in buccal capsule
- females have large vulval flap
- spicules with barbs
Where are L3 of haemonchus located in the host
L3 burrow into the abomasal wall-> L4 in the wall
Where is L4 of haemonchus located in host
re emerge to lumen of abomasum -> adult
what is ppp of haemonchus and does hypobiosis occur
18-21 days
hypobiosis over winter
Pathogenesis of haemonchus
L4 and adult feed on blood
chronic infection-> microcytic, hypochromic (iron def) anemia (so signs associated with anemia- bottle jaw)
DOES NOT CAUSE DIARRHEA
Epidemiology of haemonchus
females make LOTS of eggs (5-10 thousand a day)
will not develop at temps below 18
parasite of summer rainfall areas
prefer summer rainfall areas
immunity of Haemonchus
vaccine against gut wall proteins
self cure
