Triage Flashcards
Triage
preliminary assessment of patients to determine urgency in treatment
primary assessment
respiration -
airway
rr
effort
pattern
mm
pulse oximeter
awareness -
alert/depressed/delirious
perfusion -
mm
pulses
ausculation - heart
reduced due to anything that reduces blood supply to tissues - anemia, hypovolemia, cardiac dysfunction, anemia, vascular dysfunction, sepsis
secondary assessment
respiratory -
oxygen - use mask, oxygen tent, flow by
assess airway for if inspiratory or expiratory issue
primary respiratory or primary cardiac - NT-proBNP
awareness -
PLR
miosis/mydriasis
oculocephalic reflexes
stabismus
nystagmus
perfusion -
hypovolemic shock - tachycardia, delayed CRT, pale mm, weak pulses, dull mentation, cool extremities
glucose - glucometer
bladder - able to urinate
blood pressure
head trauma -
intracranial pressure - mean arterial blood pressure in cranium
give oxygen
measure blood pressure
treat hypovolemia
keep head at 30 degree angle raised
anemia -
pale mm
normal CRT
weak bounding pulses
see if bleeding
cardiac dysfunction -
tachycardia
tachypnoea
weak pulses
auscultation - rhythm and sounds
lung auscultation - crackles
mm and CRT
sepsis -
high or very low rectal temp
tachycardia
bradycardia in cats
red mm
short CRT
hypotension
equine triage
consider health and safety
obstetrics -
stage 2 labour from when membranes pass should only be 20 mins
6 hour window for retained foetal membranes
colic -
appearance of horse
hr - >60bpm
auscultation - absence of gut sounds
rectal temp - >40c
causes of down cows
dry cow -
dystocia
staggers
toxemia - in really recently dired off cows
trauma
physical - fell down and can’t get up
fresh cow -
trauma from birth
milk fever
mastitis - e coli - usually not until a bit later
toxic metritis
lactating cow -
fractures, luxations
milk fever
toxin ingestion
grazing cow -
toxin ingestion
staggers
heifers -
trauma
toxin ingestion
chronic - pneumonia in young stock
milk fever
suppress calcium in diet before birth to encourage mobilisation of calcium from bones
tends to be 12-24 hours post calving
s shaped neck
shivers
tachycardia
treat by giving calcium
NB if signs in one then likely subclinical in others
