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Three Rivers > Trey LT2 > Flashcards

Trey LT2 Flashcards

1
Q

Blotter Test (Accelerated Fuel Oil Stability Test) requires how much sample, at what temp, and for how long?

A

50 mL for 90 minutes at 300degF

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2
Q

Blotter Test - How many rinses are required and with what solution?

A

Rinse three times with 10mL of N-Heptane

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3
Q

Blotter Test - What filter paper is used?

A

4.25cm (42.5mm) No. 1 Whatman Paper

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4
Q

Blotter Test - Volume of sample required?

A

50mL of sample to a 2.5cmx20cm

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5
Q

Blotter Test - When determining the ASTM color what is an acceptable/passing result?

A

No. 7 or lower is considered passing

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6
Q

How is ASTM 7039 Sulfur determined?

A

By using monochromatic wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (MWDXRF)

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7
Q

ASTM 7039 - List sulfur ranges for diesel and gasoline

A

Diesel between 0-100 mg/kg
Gas between 0-500 mg/kg

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8
Q

ASTM 7039 - What units are used to measure sulphuric concentrations?

A

mg/kg - rounded to the nearest 0.1mg/kg for concentrations <100mg/kg, and to the nearest 1mg/kg for concentrations >100mg/kg

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9
Q

What test method do we use to determine the aniline point?

A

Test Method E

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10
Q

Explain the test method to determine aniline point

A

Aniline and sample are mixed mechanically, then heated at a controlled rate until the two phases are miscible. The mixture is then cooled at a controlled rate and the temperature at which the two phases separate is recorded as the aniline point

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11
Q

What is the maximum value that can be entered when running aniline point?

A

338degF or 170degC

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12
Q

What hydrocarbon solvents are being tested for aniline point?

A

Aromatics (lowest aniline)

Paraffins (highest aniline)

Cycloparaffins and Olefins (between paraffins & aromatics)

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13
Q

QC for Aniline

A

Heptane - Result should be 156.7 +/- 0.4degF

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14
Q

Volumes used to test aniline

A

10mL of aniline and 10mL of sample

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15
Q

Aniline point test modes

A

Standard Mode

Repeat mode A (RPA) - ASTM color 6.5 or less

Repeat mode B (RPB) - ASTM color over 6.5

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16
Q

Cleaning aniline

A

20mL of toluene stirred for 10-20 seconds

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17
Q

D2163 does what?

A

Determination of individual Hydrocarbons in LPGs by Gas Chromatography (GC)

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18
Q

D2163 ranges

A

C1 - C5
0.01 - 100 volume % or mass %

Will not determine hydrocarbons heavier than C5 or non-hydrocarbon material

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19
Q

D2163 is equipped with

A

Flame Ionization Detector (FID)

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20
Q

D2163 Reagents

A

High purity Nitrogen/Helium to pressurize and clean LPG cylinders

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21
Q

What does the conductivity test determine?

A

Gives a measurement of the conductivity when the fuel is uncharged (electrically at rest)

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22
Q

Conductivity range

A

1 pS/m - 2000 pS/m

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23
Q

What happens when the conductivity is sufficiently high?

A

Charges dissipate fast enough to prevent accumulation and dangerously high potentials in a receiving tank are avoided

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24
Q

Conductivity procedure

A

M button 3 seconds w/o sample (zero +/- 001)

CAL button 3 seconds w/o sample (410 +/- 005)

Insert into sample covering top two holes

Press and hold M button for 3 seconds and record

Clean with Kim wipes and isopropyl alcohol and dry with nitrogen

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25
Q

Temperature of sample for conductivity

A

72degF

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26
Q

D3242 Acid Test Titration Solvent

A

1000mL of Toluene, 10mL of water, 990mL of isopropyl alcohol

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27
Q

Acidity in aviation turbine fuel range

A

0.000 mg/g - 0.100 mg/g KOH

(Present due to acid treatment or naturally occurring organic acids)

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28
Q

Acidity in aviation turbine fuel can cause what?

A

It can corrode metals that it contacts or it can impair the water separation characteristics

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29
Q

What size buret is used in acidity test.

A

10mL buret graduated in 0.05mL subdivisions

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30
Q

D3242 Acid Test procedure

A

100mL of titration solvent and 0.1mL of Naptholbenzein in clean 500mL flask

Titrate to green/green-brown color and hold 15 seconds

Record mLs used for blank

Tare flask and weigh to 100g +/-5g (Record weight)

Swirl flask vigorously (should be orange)

Titrate to green/green-brown hold 15 seconds and record mLs used

Formulate
[(A-B)N x 56.1]/W

A=KOH solution required for titration of sample
B=KOH solution required for titration of blank
N=normality of the KOH solution
W=sample used

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31
Q

What can throw off results of acid test?

A

CO2

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32
Q

D3606 Benzene and toluene test ranges

A

Benzene between 0.1-5 vol%

Toluene between 2-20% by volume

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33
Q

D3606 equipped with what for detection of components?

A

Thermal Conductivity Detector (TCD)

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34
Q

What is the Istd Wt of sec-butanol?

A

4

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35
Q

D3606 procedure

A

1mL sec-butanol into a 25mL flask

Fill to mark with sample

Invert 5 times to mix

Fill GC vial

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36
Q

How do you report benzene and toluene contents?

A

In liquid volume percent to the nearest 0.01%

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37
Q

D4294 Horiba Sulfur ranges

A

0.01-5.00%

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38
Q

D4294 Horiba Sulfur is measure by what?

A

X-ray tube

Sulfur atoms release characteristic X radiation

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39
Q

What cups and film are used for the Horiba D4294?

A

Spectro Sulfur cups No. 1850

Polypropylene Thin Film
No. 3020

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40
Q

D4530 MCRT (Carbon) is heated to what temperature?

A

500degC

Removed when <250degC

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41
Q

D4530 MCRT is equivalent to what?

A

Conradson Carbon Residue Test

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42
Q

D4530 MCRT- What gas is used and at what pressure?

A

Nitrogen (N2) is used and gauge should read 20psi +/- 1psi

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43
Q

D4815 Oxygenates determines what?

A

Ethers and alcohols in gasolines by gas chromatography

Ex: MTBE, ETBE, TAME, DIPE, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-propanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, sec-butanol, n-butanol, tert-pentanol

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44
Q

D4815 ether and alcohol ranges

A

Ethers: 0.20% - 20% by mass

Alcohols: 0.20% - 12% by mass

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45
Q

D4815 uses what for detection?

A

Flame ionization detector (FID)

1st - Polar TCEP column
2nd - Non Polar WCOT column

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46
Q

D4815 procedure

A

Tare 10mL flask with stopper

Add 0.5mL (approximately 0.4g) of DME and record weight

Fill to mark with sample and record weight

Invert 5 times and fill GC vial

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47
Q

D4928 Moisture Karl Fischer Titration range

A

0.02 - 5.0 mass or volume % in crude oils

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48
Q

D3606 and D4815 use what solvent to rinse?

A

Isooctane

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49
Q

Lubricity by HFRR uses how much sample and at what temperature?

A

2mL at 60degC

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50
Q

Lubricity by HFRR humidity is maintained at what percent?

A

30% to 85%

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51
Q

Lubricity by HFRR - How long is the ball rubbed against the disk?

A

Frequency of 50Hz for 75 minutes with a 1mm stroke

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52
Q

Lubricity by HFRR - Diameter and grade of steel ball

A

Diameter of 6.00mm
Grade 28

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53
Q

Lubricity by HFRR - What size is test disk?

A

10mm

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54
Q

Lubricity by HFRR - How much weight is applied to steel ball?

A

200g

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55
Q

Lubricity by HFRR - Under what magnification is the wear scar measured?

A

100X magnification

56
Q

Lubricity by HFRR - What reagents are used to clean disks/balls?

A

Heptane and Acetone

57
Q

D6667 Antek Sulfur range

A

0-100mg/kg total sulfur

58
Q

D6667 Antek Sulfur - What detector is used?

A

Photomultiplier tube

(Sulfur is oxidized to sulfur dioxide in high temp combustion tube prior)

59
Q

D6667 Antek Sulfur - QC

A

Sample of 25ppm will be ran once a week

60
Q

D6667 Antek Sulfur - Blank is ran prior to sample. What is acceptable result for blank?

A

<2ppm

61
Q

D6667 Antek Sulfur - If on shutdown mode how long will the instrument need to warm up before proceeding?

A

30 minutes

62
Q

D6667 Antek Sulfur - What do you regulate pressure to on the Accura?

A

0.1 LPM

63
Q

D7042 Dynamic Viscosity - How can the kinematic viscosity be obtained?

A

By dividing the dynamic viscosity by the density

Vk = Vd/D

64
Q

D7042 Dynamic Viscosity - Can be ran at what temperatures?

A

40degC, 100degC, and -20degC

65
Q

D7042 Dynamic Viscosity - What do you use to clean instrument?

A

Toluene first then Heptane. Connect air into injection port and run fan.

Quality factor has to be green to be clean

66
Q

D7546 Moisture in Lube Oils - Ranges

A

10mg/kg - 100,000mg/kg
(0.001% wt./wt. - 10% wt./wt.)

67
Q

D7546 Moisture in Lube Oils - What is test temperature set at?

A

180degC

68
Q

D7546 Moisture in Lube Oils - How often do you replace the desiccant?

A

Every 300 tests

69
Q

D7546 Moisture in Lube Oils - What reagents are used to clean vials?

A

Toluene and Heptane

Do NOT use acetone

70
Q

D88 Saybolt Viscosity - Temperature ranges

A

21degC - 99degC
70degF - 210degF

71
Q

D88 Saybolt Viscosity - Sample size measured?

A

60mL

Record time of flow in seconds to the nearest 0.1s <200, or the nearest 1.0s >200

72
Q

BS&W - method valid for fuel oils in what range?

A

0-30% volume water and sediment

73
Q

BS&W - What speed does the centrifuge spin?

A

1530rpm

Delivers a rcf of 600 G at the tip of the tubes based on an 18” swing diameter.

74
Q

BS&W - Temperature of centrifuge

A

140degF (+/- 5degF)

75
Q

BS&W - What size tube is used?

A

203mm (8 inch) tube

76
Q

BS&W - Will this detect dissolved solids?

A

No

77
Q

BS&W - Heating block temperature

A

140degF / 60degC

78
Q

BS&W - How long must you shake sample to homogenize?

A

1 minute

79
Q

BS&W - Force range

A

Between 600-800 relative centrifugal force (rcf) at the tip of the tubes

80
Q

BS&W - What increments used to record?

A

Nearest 0.05mL from 0.1-1.0mL

Nearest 0.1mL on anything above the 1.0mL mark

81
Q

D3227 Mercaptan Sulfur - Range

A

0.0003 - 0.01% mass
(3 - 100 weight ppm)

82
Q

D3227 Mercaptan Sulfur - What reagent is used for Gas & Naphtha?

A

Alkaline

83
Q

D3227 Mercaptan Sulfur - What reagent is used for Distillates?

A

Acidic

84
Q

D3227 Mercaptan Sulfur - How much sample is used in Three Rivers Lab?

A

35 grams

85
Q

D3227 Mercaptan Sulfur - What method is used to determine the amount of sulfur as mercaptan?

A

Titrometric

86
Q

WSIM - What is the purpose of this test?

A

To test for the presence of surfactants in aviation turbine fuels

87
Q

WSIM - What is the scale that the results are reported?

A

0 - 100 to the nearest whole number

88
Q

WSIM - How long should instrument warm up before use?

A

15 minutes

89
Q

WSIM - What temperature should the sample be before testing?

A

65degF - 85degF

90
Q

WSIM - How much distilled water is added to sample?

A

50 microliters

91
Q

WSIM - What is the minimum rating that is allowed for the test to pass?

A

85 MSEP

92
Q

D445 Kinematic Viscosity- How can you determine dynamic viscosity?

A

By multiplying the kinematic viscosity by the density

Vd = Vk(D)

93
Q

D445 Kinematic Viscosity- Measurement flow time should be greater than what?

A

200 seconds
(Flow times of less than 200s are permitted, but a kinetic energy correction shall be applied)

94
Q

D5453 Sulfur- RSD% should be less than what?

A

5%

95
Q

D5453 Sulfur - How is sulfur measured?

A

Injected into a high temperature combustion tube and detected by a photomultiplier tube

96
Q

Volumetric Blends - What type of glassware is used when hand blending?

A

Class A

97
Q

Volumetric Blends - What temperature should the sample, and all glassware be before blending?

A

0degC - 4degC

98
Q

D93 Flash Point - What temperature range does this test method cover?

A

40degC - 370degC
(104degF - 698degF)

99
Q

D93 Flash Point - How full should a sample bottle of residual fuel oil be?

A

85 - 95%

100
Q

D93 Flash Point - How full should sample bottle be?

A

50 - 85%

101
Q

D93 Flash Point - What temperature should sample be before transferring?

A

Has to be at least 32degF below expected flash point

102
Q

Fluoride - How is this determined?

A

GC is equipped with Electrolytic Conductivity Detector (ELCD)

103
Q

Fluoride - Concentration range

A

1ppm - 100ppm

104
Q

Mini Flash - How much sample is used in a 4mL cup?

A

1mL
(@ 2.5degC/min)

105
Q

Mini Flash - How much sample is used in a 7mL cup?

A

2mL
(@ 5.5degC/min)

106
Q

KF/KOH - If KF is too high, what is done to the process?

A

Lime is added

107
Q

KF/KOH - If KF & KOH is too low, what is done to the process?

A

Fresh KOH is added

108
Q

KF/KOH - What do these tests help accomplish?

A

Ensures the scrubber can neutralize HF gasses

109
Q

KF/KOH - KF analysis requires how much sample?

A

0.4 grams in a 100mL flask
(Record exact weight)

Add DI water to line and mix

Pour 50mL of sample and 50mL of TISAB II into a beaker w/stir bar.

Insert probe and measure

110
Q

KF/KOH - KOH Strength requires how much sample?

A

0.25 grams

Fill with 60-80mLs of DI water and run on automatic

111
Q

MDEA & H2S Titration- What does amine strength determine?

A

Strength determines viscosity

High strength = inadequate contact

Low strength = insufficient amine for absorption

112
Q

MDEA & H2S Titration- What probe is used for amine strength?

A

pH probe

113
Q

MDEA & H2S Titration- What probe is used for H2S loading?

A

Silver probe

114
Q

MDEA & H2S Titration - Lean loading monitors what?

A

Performance of the regeneration process

115
Q

MDEA & H2S Titration - Rich loading monitors what?

A

Contactor efficiency

116
Q

MDEA & H2S Titration - Sample size for MDEA Strength?

A

0.1 - 0.2 grams
Add 70mL of DI water

117
Q

MDEA & H2S Titration - Sample size for H2S Rich solvent?

A

0.1 - 0.4 grams
Add 70mL of NaOH solvent

118
Q

MDEA & H2S Titration - Sample size for H2S Lean solvent?

A

5 - 30 grams
Add 70mL of NaOH solvent

119
Q

Gas Analysis by GC - What is used for hydrocarbons?

A

Front channel equipped with FID

120
Q

Gas Analysis by GC - What channel is used for materials other than hydrocarbons?

A

TCD channel

121
Q

D5452 Particulates - What size filter is used?

A

Millipore filters 0.8 micron

122
Q

D5452 Particulates - What is the oven temp and how long does filter remain in oven?

A

100degC for 30min
(Move to desiccator for 30min)

123
Q

D5452 Particulates - What solvent, and how much, do you use to rinse sample container?

A

Petroleum Ether. 50mLs 4 times = 200mL

124
Q

What can interfere with Karl Fisher data?

A

Mercaptan Sulfur

125
Q

How is RGA reported?

A

Volume %

126
Q

Refractive Index range?

A

1.33 - 1.60

127
Q

What are you evaluating to determine lubricity?

A

Wear scar diameter

128
Q

What does low amine in refinery an indication of?

A

Insufficient H2S absorption

129
Q

Fluoride LPG - What method should you use?

A

Expected result of <5 - Low Method

Expected result of >100 - High Method

130
Q

Karl Fischer range

A

2.00 - 5.00

131
Q

Aniline Point used for what?

A

Estimate of aromatics

132
Q

What does a flare indicate?

A

H2S present

133
Q

What do you use to calibrate the DO (Dissolved Oxygen)

A

Fresh Air

134
Q

Dissolved Oxygen- How much sample should be in the bottle?

A

Bottle should be filled to the very top with cap seal

135
Q

What detector is used for the Karl Fischer?

A

Electro metric endpoint detector

136
Q

Karl Fischer - How long do you homogenize the sample prior to testing?

A

4 minutes

Three Rivers (4 decks)

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