Trends On Periodic Table

Question 1

Electronegativity

Answer 1

The tendency of an atom (in a covalent bond) to attract a bonding/shared pair of electrons

Question 2

Electronegativity trend on periodic table

Answer 2

Decreases top to bottom
Increases from left to right

Question 3

In a covalent bond, the shared electrons go into the…

Answer 3

P orbital usually

Question 4

Electronegativity increases across a period because…

Answer 4

The number of protons in the nucleus is increases so attraction between (shared) valence electrons and nucleus increases
Shared electrons go into same shell as current valence electrons

Question 5

Electronegativity decreases down a group because….

Answer 5

The valence electrons are in a higher energy level so further from the nucleus.
The attraction between the shared valence electrons and nucleus will decrease.

Question 6

First ionisation energy

Answer 6

The energy required to remove a mole of electrons from a mole of atoms in its gaseous state

Question 7

Ionisation energy trend on the periodic table

Answer 7

Increases across a period
Decreases down a group
Same pattern as electronegativity for same reasons

Question 8

Ionisation energy increases across a period because…

Answer 8

Number of protons increases
Attraction between nucleus and valence electrons increases (radius decreases)
More energy is required to remove the valence electron

Question 9

Ionisation energy decreases down a group because…

Answer 9

Valence electrons are in higher energy levels and even though protons increase..
Attraction between nucleus and valence electrons decreases (distance/radius increases)
Less energy to remove valence electrons

Question 10

Number of protons in nucleus is equivalent to….

Answer 10

Atomic number