Trends in the Periodic Table

Question 1

Atomic Radius

Answer 1

half the distance between the nuclei of two atoms of the same element

Question 2

First Ionisation Energy

Answer 2

the energy required to completly remove the most loosely bound electrons from a neutral gaseous atom in its ground state

Question 3

Second Ionisatoin Energy

Answer 3

the removal of the second of electron from a monopositive positive ion (formed when the first electron is removed in its gaseous state

Question 4

Ionisation Energy Across a Period

Answer 4

-IE increases
-nuclear charge increases (number of protons increases–> attraction increases)
-atomic radius decreases (electrons are closer to positive nucleus so held tighter)

Question 5

Ionisation Energy
Down a Group

Answer 5

-IE decreases
-increasing atomic radius (electrons firther from attractive force of nucleus)
-screening of inner electrons positive charge of nucleus is increasing bus inner e- shells sheild the outer electron from this increases charge

Question 6

Exceptons to IE General Trend

Answer 6

-argon had the highest value from a ful 3p sublevel
-mg and p higher than general trend
-half or fully filled sublevels have extra stability

Question 7

Electronegativity

Answer 7

the relative attraction of an atom for shared pairs of electrons in a covalent bond

Question 8

Electonegativity Across a Period

Answer 8

-increasing nuclear charge
-decreasing atomic radius

Question 9

Electronegativity
Down a Group

Answer 9

-increasing atomic radius
-increasing screening effect