Acid Base

Question 1

Arrhenius’ theory

Answer 1

Acid - a substance that dissociated in water to form H+ ions (proton)
Base - a substance that dissociates in water to form OH- ions

Question 2

Limitations of the Arrenius Definitions

Answer 2

• acid base reacions are only considered in aqueous solutions
  -the OH- ion is singled out as a source of the basicity and therefore certain insoluble exides cannot be classed as Arrhenius bases

Question 3

Brinstes- Lowry Theory

Answer 3

• acid is a proton doner
  -base is a proton accepter
• a substance that can act as an acid or a base is Amphoteric

Question 4

Conjugate Acid/Base Pairs

Answer 4

• an acid changes into a conjugate base when it donates a proton
• a base changes into a conjugate acid when it accepts a proton
• a conjugate acid-base pair is any pair consisting of an acid and a base which differs by proton

Question 5

Neutralisation

Answer 5

the reaction between an acid and base to form salt and water
(a salt is a substance formed when the Hydrogen of ana cid is replaced by a metal ot an ammonium ion)