Trends and features in the distillation tower

Question 1

properties down the distillation tower?(from liquidified petroleum gas to bitumen)

Answer 1

1) molecular size and mass increases
2)boiling point increases
3)viscosity increases
4)volatility decreases
5)flammability decreases
6)iincompelte combustion increases

Question 2

explain the treand of boiling point?

Answer 2

The boiliing point increases down the group.Down the distillation tower the molecular mass increases ,stronger intermolecular forces of attraction so more thermal energy needed to overcome the stronger forces of attraction between liquid particles

Question 3

Explain the trend of viscosity and define vicosity

Answer 3

viscosity is how thick the liquid (more carbon more viscous)

The viscosity increases down the grp as the molecular mass increase down the grp.It has stronger intermolecular forces of attraction so more difficult to over forces of attrcation so it is more this and more resistant to flowing

Question 4

explain the volatility down the group?

Answer 4

Volatility describes how easily a substance will vaporize

Down the grp the Volatility decreases.The molecular mass increases down the grp,so stronger intermolecular forces of attraction so more thermal energy is needed to overcome the intermolecular forces of attraction so more bp,so liquid is less likely to evapourate so it is less volatile

Question 5

explain the flammability trend down the grp?

Answer 5

Down the grp,the flammability decreases,as the molecular mass increases ,so strong intermoleular forces of attraction so more thermal energy needed to overcome the strong intermoecular forces of attrction so more bp,less likely to evapourate,.less volatile,so less vapours present ,less surface area exposed for reactants to collide hence less likely for comnustion to occur and less flammable

Question 6

explain the trend of how likey to burn incompletely

Answer 6

It id more likely to burn incompletely down the grp. the molecular mass increases ,so strong intermoleular forces of attraction so more thermal energy needed to overcome the strong intermoecular forces of attrction so more bp,less likely to evapourate,.less volatile,so less vapours present ,less surface area exposed for reactants to collide hence more likely to burn incompetely

Question 7

why smaller hydrocarbons are more in demand

Answer 7

short-chained hydrocarbons have smaller molecular mass,so weakerintermolecular forces of attrcation so less thermal energy is needed to overcome weak forces of attrcations o less boiling point,easily evaporate so more volatile,the vapours present,surface area exposed for reactant to collide so more likely to like to burn completely ,so more in demand fuel for vechicle as combustion engines

Question 8

Why heavier fraction can produce more energy per unit litre ?

Answer 8

Heavier frcations have more molecular size so storngerintermolecular forces of attraction ,so they are closely packed and more carbon atoms per unit volum so higher energy density (energy it has)so more energy released