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172 LE 2 > Trematodes and Liver Flukes > Flashcards

Trematodes and Liver Flukes Flashcards

1
Q

Classes under Phylum Platyhelminthes

A
  • Class Turbellaria
  • Class Trematoda
  • Class Cestoda
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2
Q

Class ____ are parasitic, while Class ____ are free-living

A

Class Trematoda and Cestoda
Class Turbellaria

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3
Q

Three Body layers of Phylum Platyhelminthes

A
  • Ectoderm
  • Mesoderm
  • Endoderm
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4
Q

Class trematoda is also known as _____

A

flukes

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5
Q

____ sucker: At anterior end
____ sucker: used for attachment

A

Oral sucker
Ventral Sucker

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6
Q

2 Subclasses of Class Trematoda

A
  • Monogenea (no intermediate hosts)
  • Diagenea
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7
Q

All flatworms are hermaphroditic except _____

A

Blood flukes (Schistosoma spp.)

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8
Q

Known as yolk gland as they form the yolk and eggshell components

A

Vitellaria

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9
Q

Larval Stages

A
  • Miracidium
  • Sporocyst
  • Redia
  • Cercaria
  • Metacercaria
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10
Q

Ciliated larval stage that is hatched from
the digenean egg

A

Miracidium

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11
Q

Develops within the molluscan host as a hollow fluid-filled germinal sac into which protrude germinal masses

A

Sporocyst

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12
Q

2nd larval stage that develop within the
intermediate host

A

Redia

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13
Q

Final Larval form

A

Cercaria

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14
Q

Infective stage of most medically important trematode to the vertebrate definitive host

A

Metacercaria

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15
Q

Trematode found in lungs

A

P. westermani

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16
Q

Liver trematodes

A
  • F. hepatica/gigantica
  • C. sinensis
  • O. viverrini
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17
Q

Intestine Trematodes

A
  • F. buski
  • E. ilocanum
  • A. malayanum
  • Heterophyds
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18
Q

Blood Trematodes

A
  • Schistosoma
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19
Q

Group of flatworms that can cause liver and bile duct disease in humans

A

Liver Flukes

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20
Q

2 Families of Liver Flukes

A
  • Fasciolidae
  • Opisthorchiidae
21
Q

F. hepatica appears brownish due to ingested ____ of the host

22
Q

1st Intermediate hosts of Fasciola

A

● Lymnaea
○ L. bulmoides
○ L. tomentosa
● Fossaria
● Pseudosuccinea
● Galbatruncatula

23
Q

2nd intermediate hosts of Fasciola

A

● Ipomea obscura (morning glory or kangkong)
● Nasturtium officinale (watercress)

24
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Eggs of Fasciola become embryonated in salt water

A

FALSE, freshwater

25
Which has faster development, F. gigantica or F. hepatica?
F. gigantica
26
_____ is present in all liver fluke infections at all stages
Eosinophillia
27
What can be used as a diagnostic factor when eggs are absent in stool?
Eosinophilia
28
_____ phase occurs when a lot of metacercariae are ingested at once
Acute phase
29
Most frequent symptoms of Acute phase
fever, abdominal pain, tender hepatomegaly (enlarged liver)
30
Other symptoms of Acute phase
vomiting, diarrhea, urticaria (hives), anemia, eosinophilia
31
Chronic phase starts when worms reach the _____
Bile ducts
32
Chronic Phase symptoms
- Biliary colic - Tender hepatomegaly - jaundice - severe anemia
33
Ectopic Fascioliasis is related to the ____
migration of larval groups
34
Local name of buccopharyngeal infection in Middle East
Halzoun
35
Serological tests are done for what types of infections?
- Less than 4 months infection - Ectopic infections
36
Most popular serological test for fascioliasis
FAST-ELISA
37
F. hepatica exists more in _____ areas
Temperate
38
F. gigantica is found mainly in _____ regions
tropical and subtropical
39
Intermediate forms have:
- Spermic diploid - Aspermic diploid
40
Differentiation from H. hepatica and F. gigantica with intermediate forms maybe accomplished through _____
morphometric analysis and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) molecular tests
41
In fascioliasis in animals, ___ animals were the ones greatly affected with the disease
Ruminant animals
42
Drug of choice for Fascioliasis
- Triclabendazole - Bithionol
43
Fascioliasis control in the Philippines
- Food and waterbone disease (FWBD) prevention and control program - National Fascioliasis Control Program
44
FBWD Prevention and Control Program: DOH National Fascioliasis Control Program: ___
DA
45
Common name of C. sinensis
Chinese liver fluke/Oriental liver fluke
46
Diagnostic stage of C. sinensis
Embryonated eggs discharged in biliary ducts and stool
47
Small reservoir of C. sinensis where common bile duct and pancreatic duct meet
Ampulla of Vater
48
Liver flukes are classified as a Group ___ carcinogenic agent to humans
Group 1
49
Treatment for C. sinensis
Praziquantel

172 LE 2 (8 decks)

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