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parasit > trematodes and cestodes (exam 2) > Flashcards

trematodes and cestodes (exam 2) Flashcards

1
Q

Ascardia host

A

chickens and young birds

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2
Q

Ascardia type of parasite

A

nematode - roundworm

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3
Q

Ascardia life cycle and infective stage

A

direct – L2 in the egg

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4
Q

Ascardia paratenic hosts

A

earthworms

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5
Q

Ascardia transmission

A

earthworm paratenic host or PER OS

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6
Q

where do adult Ascardia live

A

small intestine

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7
Q

Ascardia pathogenesis

A

they are large worms and cause obstruction and diarrhea and weight loss in birds

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8
Q

how would you diagnose Ascardia

A

FECAL FLOAT or necropsy

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9
Q

also known as the Poultry Cecal worm

A

Heterakis Gallinarum

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10
Q

Heterakis type of worm

A

nematode or roundworm

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11
Q

Heterakis host

A

chickens and turkeys

**VERY pathogenic in TURKEYS

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12
Q

paratenic host for Heterakis

A

earthworms and flies

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13
Q

where do Heterakis live

A

in the cecum – small worms

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14
Q

how do you diagnose Heterakis

A

fecal float and necropsy

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15
Q

why is Heterakis so pathogenic in turkeys?

A

they deposit protozoan histamonas – causes BLACKHEAD – necrotic lesions in liver and cecum of the turkeys

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16
Q

Heterakis life cycle and infective stage

A

direct – L2 in the egg

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17
Q

common name of strongyloides species

A

Threadworm

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18
Q

Strongyloides life cycle and infective stage

A

DIRECT – L3

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19
Q

typical pathogenesis from Strongyloides spp

A

inflammation of the small intestine –D+/wt loss

urticaria/erythematous –red itchy reaction

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20
Q

Strongyloides stercoralis host

A

DOGS and CATS

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21
Q

how to diagnose Strongyloides stercoralis

A

bearmann – L1 in feces is present

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22
Q

T/F

Strongyloides stercoralis is zoonotic

A

TRUE – can cause dermatitis or pulmonary and intestinal issues in people

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23
Q

Strongyloides Papillosus host

A

ruminants

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24
Q

T/F

Strongyloides Papillosus can be transmitted transplacentally

A

FALSE NO

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25
Q

Strongyloides Papillosus diagnosis

A

mcmaster for egg with L1 inside

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26
Q

Strongyloides Ransomi host

A

swine

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27
Q

Strongyloides stercoralis PPP

A

8-14 days – short/think young

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28
Q

Strongyloides Papillosus PPP

A

8-14 days – short/think young

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29
Q

Strongyloides Ransomi PPP

A

AS SHORT AS 2 days

**piglets may die before even seeing eggs

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30
Q

T/F

good hygiene is really important for preventing piggies from Strongyloides Ransomi

A

TRUE

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31
Q

Strongyloides Westeri Host

A

HORSES

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32
Q

Strongyloides Westeri PPP

A

8-14 days – short/think young

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33
Q

if you see a horse showing “frenzy” what is most likely the cause

A

Strongyloides Westeri

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34
Q

T/F

Strongyloides Westeri can be transmitted transplacentally

A

FALSE

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35
Q

T/F

foals over 5 months old will most likely have developed immunity to Strongyloides Westeri

A

TRUE

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36
Q

Treatment for what other common nematode will also cover the treatment for Strongyloides Westeri

A

parascaris equorum

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37
Q

Strongyloides Westeri diagnosis

A

mcmaster for egg with L1 inside

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38
Q

T/F

Strongyloides can also be in the lungs and cause coughing

A

TRUE

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39
Q

which two species can also be known as Whipworms?

A

capillaria and Trichuris

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40
Q

what does a trichuris egg look like

A

a lemon or a football

operculated caps on both ends

lasts LONG in the environment

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41
Q

what does a capillaria egg look like

A

a barrel, operculated on both ends but flatter on the ends

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42
Q

which end is thicker in a whipworm

A

the posterior end – think BIG BOOTY

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43
Q

PPP of Trichuris

A

6-12 weeks

*young

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44
Q

life cycle and infective stage for Trichuris

A

DIRECT – L1 in the egg

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45
Q

where does Trichuris live

A

the cecum of the colon

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46
Q

causes diptheritic inflammation of the cecal mucosa – leathery feel

A

TRICHURIS

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47
Q

T/F

Trichuris is normally asymptomatic but in heavy infections will cause diarrhea, weight loss, and dehydration

A

TRUE

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48
Q

Trichuris species that is in dogs and will exhibit clinical signs

A

VULPIS

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49
Q

Trichuris species in pigs

A

Suis

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50
Q

What are the clinical signs for Trichuris Suis

A

NONE – the pigs do have a strong reaction to the worms and they try to shit them all out, so you will see the worms out in the feces

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51
Q

T/F

Trichuris suis is zoonotic

A

TRUE

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52
Q

where are the locations that capillaria can be found in a cat or dog

A

airways, bladder, GI

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53
Q

Is capillaria pathogenic in dogs and cats

A

not really no

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54
Q

if capillaria is in the dogs urinary bladder, what would you do to test for it?

A

urine sedimentation

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55
Q

what animal is capillaria super pathogenic in?

A

BIRDS

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56
Q

what is the name of the capillaria species that infects birds

A

Capillaria Obsingata

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57
Q

Where is capillaria obsingata in a bird

A

the GI only

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58
Q

what does capillaria obsingata cause in a birdie

A

DEATH

also anemia

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59
Q

Trichinella host

A

mammals/reptiles/birds (everything???)

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60
Q

T/F

Trichinella is zoonotic?

A

true

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61
Q

T/F

Trichinella is asymptomatic

A

TRUE

but since it is zoonotic, the people will show the clinical signs :)

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62
Q

If you do a fecal exam on a patient with Trichinella what would you expect to see?

A

NOTHING – you wont see the eggs and you were dumb

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63
Q

How would you diagnose Trichinella

A
  1. squash method
  2. pooled sample
  3. ELIZA
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64
Q

how does Trichinella infect?

A

the adults are short lived – the L1 live COILED IN STRIATED MUSCLE

ingested when you eat raw and contaminated meat – dont do that

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65
Q

what are two important aspects of Trichinella prevention

A
  1. education

2. meat inspection

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66
Q

also called the large pinworm

A

Oxyruis equi

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67
Q

Oxyruis equi PPP

A

4-5 months (long)

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68
Q

Oxyruis equi transmission

A

per os

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69
Q

Oxyruis equi host

A

horse – hence the “equi”

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70
Q

where do the adults of Oxyruis equi live

A

the dorsal colon

**the adults also have a pointed tail

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71
Q

Oxyruis equi egg

A

single operculum and flat on one side

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72
Q

what would you tell the owner of a horse that you treated with Oxyruis equi?

A

reinfection is very common

it is everywhere – pasture, stable, stall
DISINFECT EVERYTHING

Control is hard sorry mr horse farmer

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73
Q

what causes the Oxyruis equi to be so itchy

A

the gel substance on the butthole when eggs get released

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74
Q

clinical signs of Oxyruis equi

A

pruritis, broken hairs at the base of the tail

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75
Q

the stomach nematodes in equids

A

Draschia / Habronema

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76
Q

Draschia / Habronema life cycle and infective stage

A

INDIRECT – L3 infective

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77
Q

Draschia / Habronema intermediate host

A

musca spp – Stomoxys Calcitrans (flies)

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78
Q

Draschia / Habronema diagnostic method

A

SKIN SCRAPE – eggs are hard to see in float

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79
Q

Draschia / Habronema prevention

A

fly control

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80
Q

where do Draschia / Habronema adults live?

A

the stomach – normally nonpathogenic here

may cause nodules at the margo plicatus

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81
Q

what is the cause of the pathogenesis of Draschia / Habronema and what are the lesions called?

A

The fly deposits the larval L3 into the skin “wrong place”

when the larva MIGRATES it causes the lesions known as SUMMER SORES

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82
Q

species with the same egg as taenia but is much more zoonotic

A

echinococcus

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83
Q

MOST ZOONOTIC parasite on this exam

A

Echinococcus

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84
Q

Echinococcus definitive host

A

dogs and cats

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85
Q

where does Echinococcus live

A

small intestine

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86
Q

what is the larval stage called of Echinococcus Granulosus

A

hydatid cyst

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87
Q

what is the larval stage called of Echinococcus Multilocularis

A

alveolar hydatid cyst

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88
Q

Echinococcus life cycle

A

indirect

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89
Q

where does the larval stage of Echinococcus Granulosus live?

A

the liver and the lungs of the INTERMEDIATE HOST

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90
Q

who is the intermediate host of E. granulosus

A

livestock (MOSTLY SHEEP) and humans

**sheep dog eats the dead lamby

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91
Q

which species of Echinococcus is more pathogenic

A

E. multilocularis

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92
Q

who is the intermediate host of E. multilocularis

A

rodents and humans

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93
Q

where do the larval stages of E. multilocularis live

A

in the liver of the INTERMEDIATE HOST but then metastasis to other organs - very bad!!!!!!!!!

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94
Q

common name for Fasicola hepatica

A

Liver Fluke

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95
Q

Fasicola hepatica life cycle

A

indirect

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96
Q

Fasicola hepatica intermediate host?

A

Snail

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97
Q

how would you diagnose Fasicola hepatica

A

fecal sedimentation – it is a fluke with large eggs

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98
Q

What is a Fluke

A

Trematode

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99
Q

What is a tapeworm

A

Cestode

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100
Q

where does Fasicola hepatica like to live in the body

A

bile ducts

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101
Q

about how large are the Fasicola hepatica adults

A

3 cm

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102
Q

What type of animals would have Fasicola hepatica

A

it is a LARGE ANIMAL fluke – think cattle/ruminants/horses

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103
Q

what are the name of the lesions causes by Fasicola hepatica

A

Pipe Stem Liver

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104
Q

you do a necropsy on a cow and see that the liver has very thick bile ducts… what parasite could have caused this ?

A

Fasicola hepatica

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105
Q

T/F

Fasicola hepatica is not zoonotic

A

FALSE – yes it is zoonotic

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106
Q

what are other symptoms of Fasicola hepatica besides the lesions in the liver?

A

anemia, BOTTLE JAW, ascites, weight loss, anorexia

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107
Q

PPP of Fasicola hepatica

A

about 10 weeks

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108
Q

When might you see an increase in Fasicola hepatica cases ?

A

if there is a flood or a lot of rain fall – because snails carry the larval stage

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109
Q

What is the common name of Fasicola magna?

A

Deer Fluke or Large American Liver Fluke

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110
Q

T/F

Fasicola hepatica can cause a low fertility and wool/meat/milk production in livestock

A

TRUE

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111
Q

What is a way that you can diagnose Fasicola hepatica in dairy cows

A

bulk milk eliza

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112
Q

highly endemic in the great lakes region

A

Fasicola Magna

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113
Q

PPP of Fasicola Magna

A

8 months – ONLY MATTERS IN DEER which we dont really care about

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114
Q

about how large are the Fasicola Magna

A

10cm

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115
Q

where do Fasicola Magna like to live in the host

A

the liver

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116
Q

who are the dead end hosts of Fasicola Magna

A

Cattle, horses, pigs

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117
Q

Who are the aberrant hosts of Fasicola Magna

A

sheep and goats

118
Q

how would you test for Fasicola Magna in sheep and goats?

A

NECROPSY

119
Q

how would you test for Fasicola Magna in cattle or horses or pigs

A

necropsy

120
Q

when would you do a fecal sedimentation for Fasicola Magna

A

only on deer because they are the only ones where the fluke can produce eggs

you WILL NOT see eggs in any other host!!!!!!! NO EGGS

necropsy is the only option

121
Q

Host that has Fasicola Magna where it is normally an accidental finding because clinical signs don’t show, but there are economic losses do to a condemned liver

A

cattle or pigs – DEAD END HOST

122
Q

How do Fasicola Magna appear inside the dead end hosts

A

ENCAPSULATED cysts of the adults in the liver

123
Q

What does Fasicola Magna do to the aberrant hosts

A

there will be death BEFORE patent infection

the larva are not encapsulated in the liver like with the dead end hosts – there are NO EGGS – necropsy only

migration of the larva shreds the liver and the sheep/goats will die

124
Q

Also known as the Rumen Fluke

A

Paraphistomum spp.

125
Q

small pink fluke in the rumen

A

Paraphistomum spp.

126
Q

Paraphistomum spp. development in the definitive hosts occurs where?

A

alimentary tract

127
Q

PPP of Paraphistomum spp.

A

7-10 weeks (2 months)

128
Q

T/F

Paraphistomum spp. is relatively non pathogenic unless heavy infections occur

A

TRUE

129
Q

if there are a large number of migrating juvenile Paraphistomum spp. (a heavy infection) what might it cause?

A

diarrhea, anorexia, bottle jaw, depression, enteritis, dehydration

SECONDARY infections with CLOSTRIDIUM – death

130
Q

T/F

eggs are easily found in sedimentations of Paraphistomum spp.

A

FALSE – eggs are not found due to acute disease before the pre-patent period

131
Q

Paraphistomum spp. hosts?

A

ruminants – its called the rumen fluke duh

132
Q

common characteristics of trematodes

A
  1. dorso-ventrally flattened
  2. oral and ventral suckers
  3. incomplete alimentary tract
  4. hermaphroditic
  5. indirect life cycle - normally using an aquatic snail for the intermediate host
133
Q

free living ciliated larval stage of a trematode that enters the snail

A

miracidia

134
Q

tadpole like larval stage of a trematode that is the final an free swimming stage

A

cercariae

135
Q

encysted life cycle stage of trematode larva that becomes ingested by the host and develops into adult flukes

A

metacercariae

136
Q

all adult cestodes normally go here

A

small intestine

137
Q

head/holdfast organ of cestodes

A

scolex

138
Q

body of cestodes

A

strobila with proglottid segments

139
Q

characteristics of cestodes

A
  1. flat body
  2. no alimentary canal
  3. indirect life cycle
  4. hermaphroditic
  5. scolex and strobila
140
Q

order of tapeworms that has 1 intermediate host, eggs with an oncosphere, and scolex with suckers

A

cylophyllidea

141
Q

order of tapeworms that has 2 intermediate hosts, eggs with an oncosphere and cilia for motility, and scolex with bothria

A

pseudophyllidea

142
Q

Host of Dipylidium caninum

A

dogs and cats

143
Q

type of parasite is Dipylidium caninum

A

cestode with an arthropod IH

144
Q

Dipylidium caninum intermediate host

A

fleas and lice

145
Q

T/F

Dipylidium caninum is nonpathogenic

A

TRUE

146
Q

An owner tells you that white rice looking worms are in her doggies poop, what do you suspect?

A

Dipylidium caninum – proglottid segments in the feces

147
Q

PPP of Dipylidium caninum

A

3 weeks

148
Q

What would you tell an owner if you treat her dog or cat for fleas

A

Dipylidium caninum is a likely occurrence in about 3 weeks (PPP) if the dog happened to ingest any fleas that carried this parasites larval stage

149
Q

how would you diagnose Dipylidium caninum

A

fecal float – EGG PACKETS

or a tape method

150
Q

Anoplocephala host

A

equine

151
Q

Anoplocephala type of parasite

A

cestode – IH: arthropod

152
Q

PPP of Anoplocephala

A

4-6 weeks

153
Q

Anoplocephala intermediate host

A

orbatid mite – ingested with cystercercoid stage

154
Q

Anoplocephala diagnosis

A

fecal exam will show irregular shaped triangle eggs

155
Q

Anoplocephala species that is most commonly seen in horses

A

A. Perfoliata

156
Q

A. Perfoliata pathogenesis

A

Will cause interssusception, occlusion and colic

157
Q

A. Perfoliata likes to live where?

A

cecum/cecal junction

158
Q

Morieza common name

A

milk tapeworm

159
Q

Morieza host

A

ruminants

160
Q

Morieza PPP

A

1-2 months

161
Q

Morieza parasite category

A

cestode – IH:arthropod with cystercercoid

162
Q

cestode with a square shaped egg

A

Morieza

163
Q

Morieza intermediate host

A

orbatid mite

164
Q

what will Morieza cause in the host

A

diarrhea/obstruction in the YOUNG animals

165
Q

T/F

you can do a bulk milk eliza for Morieza

A

TRUE

166
Q

T/F

a good method of prevention of Morieza is a weanling treatment program

A

TRUE – it really affects the young

167
Q

What are two Cestodes with arthropod intermediate hosts that are common in Fowl

A
  1. Choanotaenia

2. Rallietina

168
Q

Choanotaenia
Rallietina

Intermediate Hosts???

A

beetles, ants, house flies – carry cystercercoid

169
Q

where does the adult live in the host for Choanotaenia and Rallietina

A

the small intestine (common location of all tapeworms)

170
Q

Most common cestode in chickens

A

Rallietina

171
Q

what is the disease caused by Rallietina called

A

Nodular Tapeworm disease

172
Q

how would you diagnose Rallietina

A

fecal float or necropsy

173
Q

what will Rallietina cause in chickens

A

weight loss and lowered overall growth

174
Q

T/F

Taenia Spp. are normally non pathogenic to the definitive host

A

TRUE – more issues to the IH

175
Q

Taenia spp. predilection site

A

adults in small intestine (common of cestodes)

176
Q

T/F

Taenia spp. have intermediate hosts that are mammals carrying the cystercercus larval stage

A

FALSE

All of them carry the cystercercus larval stage EXCEPT taenia taeniaformis which carries the strobilocercus stage!!!!

177
Q

Definitive host of taenia pisiformis

A

DOGS

178
Q

Definitive host of taenia crassiceps

A

DOGS

179
Q

Definitive host of taenia hydatigena

A

DOGS

180
Q

Definitive host of taenia taeniaformis

A

CATS

181
Q

Definitive host of taenia saginata

A

HUMANS

182
Q

Definitive host of taenia solium

A

HUMANS

183
Q

intermediate host of taenia pisiformis

A

rabbits

184
Q

intermediate host of taenia crassiceps

A

rodents and humans

185
Q

intermediate host of taenia hydatigena

A

livestock (think sheep)

186
Q

intermediate host of taenia saginata

A

CATTLE

187
Q

intermediate host of taenia solium

A

pigs and humans

188
Q

intermediate host of taenia taeniaformis

A

rodents

189
Q

also called pearly beef

A

the cysts in the muscles of cattle from the larval stage (cystercercus) of taenia saginata

190
Q

also called pearly pork

A

the cysts in the muscles of pigs from the larval stage (cystercercus) of taenia solium

191
Q

Two species of taenia where humans are a DEFINITIVE host

A

T.. Saginata, T. solium

192
Q

Two species of taenia where humans are an INTERMEDIATE host

A

T. solium and T. crassiceps

193
Q

disease when humans are the intermediate host or taenia solium

A

NCC - larva goes to brain :(

194
Q

disease when pigs are the intermediate host or taenia solium

A

pearly pork – encysts in muscles

195
Q

T/F

pigs can ingest the larval stage of taenia solium and adult worms can form in their small intestine

A

FALSE - pigs will NEVER have adults because they are NOT definitive hosts !!!!

only humans can have the adults

196
Q

name of disease when humans have the adult worms of Taenia solium in their intestines

A

taeniosis

197
Q

A human ate the feces containing taenia solium eggs… what host are they?

A

intermediate – larva will develop

198
Q

T/F

eggs of taenia solium can be found in a pigs feces

A

FALSE - pigs can have eggs because they cant have adults

199
Q

Diphyllobothrium latum common name

A

Fish Tapeworm

Broad tapeworm

200
Q

Diphyllobothrium latum life cycle

A

Indirect

first intermediate host is a CRUSTACEAN

201
Q

second IH of Diphyllobothrium latum

A

fish

202
Q

Diphyllobothrium latum proglottid shape

A

square/rectangular

203
Q

Diphyllobothrium latum adult size

A

< 12 meters

204
Q

diagnosis for Diphyllobothrium latum

A

fecal float – eggs will appear single operculated

205
Q

PPP of Diphyllobothrium latum

A

5-6 weeks

206
Q

Diphyllobothrium latum predilection site

A

small intestine (common to all cestodes)

207
Q

definitive host for Diphyllobothrium latum

A

dogs and cats – nonpathogenic

208
Q

T/F

Diphyllobothrium latum is zoonotic

A

TRUE

209
Q

T/F

Diphyllobothrium latum contains scolex with bothria

A

true

210
Q

also called the zipper worm

A

Spirometra Spp.

211
Q

Spirometra Spp. definitive hosts

A

dogs and cats – nonpathogenic

212
Q

Spirometra Spp. life cycle

A

Indirect

first IH - crustaceans

213
Q

2nd IH for Spirometra Spp.

A

frogs and reptiles

214
Q

why is Spirometra Spp. called the zipper worm

A

the square proglottids have a genital pore in the middle of each one giving it a zipper look

215
Q

Spirometra Spp. adult size

A

< 2 meters

216
Q

Spirometra Spp. PPP

A

5-6 weeks

217
Q

Spirometra Spp. diagnostic test

A

fecal float – eggs are single operculated

218
Q

two worms with paperclip like eggs

A
  1. spirocerca lupi

2. physaloptera spp

219
Q

spirocerca lupi common name

A

esophageal worm

220
Q

spirocerca lupi host

A

DOGS

221
Q

spirocerca lupi life cycle and infective stage

A

indirect - L3 inf

222
Q

spirocerca lupi Intermediate host

A

DUNG BEETLES

223
Q

spirocerca lupi paratenic hosts?

A

birds and reptiles

224
Q

PPP of spirocerca lupi

A

LONG – 6 months

225
Q

what will spirocerca lupi cause in the host

A

regurgitation and difficulty swallowing

226
Q

Causes bone issues such as osteosarcoma in the hosts long bones

A

spirocerca lupi

227
Q

diagnostic tests for spirocerca lupi

A

FECAL float – for paperclip eggs

can also do a tracheal wash, radiography, endoscopy

228
Q

Common name for physaloptera spp

A

stomach worm

229
Q

physaloptera spp host

A

dogs and cats but we care more about CATS

230
Q

physaloptera spp life cycle and infective stage

A

Indirect – L3 inf

231
Q

physaloptera spp intermediate hosts

A

roaches and crickets – think insects

232
Q

paratenic hosts for physaloptera spp

A

birds and reptiles

233
Q

PPP of physaloptera spp

A

8 - 10 WEEKS

234
Q

physaloptera spp causes what in the host

A

vomit, gastritis, ulcers

235
Q

A cat comes in with black/bloody feces…. what do you suspect

A

physaloptera spp – the ulcers in the stomach are causing this

236
Q

Paragonimus Kellicoti is what type of parasite and who are the definitive hosts?

A

trematode in dogs and cats

237
Q

Paragonimus Kellicoti life cycle (including intermediate hosts)

A

Indirect

1st IH - snail
2nd IH - crayfish

238
Q

Paragonimus Kellicoti common name

A

Lung fluke

**think L in kellicoti, L in lung, L for Louisiana (crayfish)

239
Q

Paragonimus Kellicoti PPP

A

4 weeks

240
Q

Paragonimus Kellicoti causes what in the host

A

coughing and pneumonia

241
Q

diagnosing Paragonimus Kellicoti

A

fecal sedimentation (large operculated eggs)

tracheal wash and radiography can also work because in the lungs

242
Q

Alaria spp. lifecycle (IH hosts)

A

indirect

1st IH - snail
2nd IH - tadpole

243
Q

Alaria spp. common name

A

intestinal fluke

**lives in the small intestine and is relatively nonpathogenic

244
Q

Alaria spp. PPP

A

5 weeks

245
Q

Alaria spp. definitive host

A

dogs and cats

246
Q

Alaria spp. diagnostic test

A

fecal sedimentation for large operculated eggs

247
Q

what might Alaria spp. cause due to immature migrating mesocercariae

A

pulmonary hemorrhaging in the lungs

248
Q

Nanophyetus salmincota common name

A

Salmon Poisoning Fluke

249
Q

Nanophyetus salmincota PPP

A

1 week

250
Q

Nanophyetus salmincota lifecycle

A

INDIRECT

1st IH - snail
2nd IH - SALMON

251
Q

Nanophyetus salmincota lives where in host

A

small intestine

252
Q

Nanophyetus salmincota is pathogenic in what species and what does it cause???

A

DOGS –

meoricusta helmintheca bacteria is with the fluke and is what causes the disease!!!!!

causes fever, diarrhea, weight loss, enteritis, death

253
Q

Platynossimum fastosum lifecycle

A

Indirect

1st IH - snail
2nd IH - crustacean

254
Q

Platynossimum fastosum paratenic host

A

lizards

255
Q

Platynossimum fastosum common name

A

lizard poisoning fluke

256
Q

Platynossimum fastosum definitive host

A

cats

257
Q

where does Platynossimum fastosum live in the definitive host

A

bile ducts

258
Q

diagnostic test for Platynossimum fastosum

A

fecal float – eggs are smaller than with the other trematodes

259
Q

PPP of Platynossimum fastosum

A

3 months

260
Q

what does Platynossimum fastosum cause in the definitive host

A

jaundice, diarrhea, vomiting, increased liver size (hepatomegaly)

Yellow Cats Eat Fast Lizards

261
Q

intermediate host of Onchocerca cervicalis

A

culicoides spp. (flies)

262
Q

Onchocerca cervicalis definitive host

A

horses

263
Q

Onchocerca cervicalis lifecycle

A

indirect – need IH fly

264
Q

Onchocerca cervicalis is what type of parasite

A

a slender nematode

265
Q

where do adult Onchocerca cervicalis live in the host

A

adults are coiled in tissue nodules near the NUCHAL LIGAMENT OF HORSES

266
Q

where to the mff of Onchocerca cervicalis go and what do they cause

A

in tissue spaces of the skin, they cause an itchy dermatitis in the horse

267
Q

why can you get so many false negatives with feline heartworm

A

they can have single sex infections and so without more than 3 females the antigen test will not pick it up

268
Q

T/F

cats can be treated for feline heartworm

A

FALSE :(

269
Q

where does feline heartworm live

A

in the lungs

270
Q

what determines the clinical signs for canine heartworm

A

pulmonary blood flow

271
Q

Dirofilaria immitis ppp

A

6-9 months

272
Q

Dirofilaria immitis intermediate host

A

mosquito

273
Q

common name for Dirofilaria immitis

A

heart worm

274
Q

where do you find Dirofilaria immitis mff (L1)

A

circulating in the blood

275
Q

where do you find Dirofilaria immitis L2 stage

A

in the mosquito

276
Q

where do you find Dirofilaria immitis L3- L4

A

subcutaneous tissues and thorax

277
Q

where do you find the L5- adults of Dirofilaria immitis

A

pulmonary arteries

278
Q

caused by Dirofilaria immitis when the number of worms lead to right sided heart build up

A

Post Caval syndrome

279
Q

Dirofilaria immitis clinical signs

A

exercise intolerance – short of breath and coughing

+/- ascites, pulmonary edema, bronchoconstriction, thick vessels

280
Q

diagnosing Dirofilaria immitis

A

ELIZA/antigen tests

antigen comes from >3 female worms present – the antigen is produced by their uterus

**false negatives can occur if less than 3 females!!

281
Q

Client comes in with a 4 month old puppy, will you be worried about heart worm

A

NO – too young for PPP

282
Q

Treatment for Dirofilaria immitis

A

Prophylaxis (start 6-8 weeks)

283
Q

what does the treatment for Dirofilaria immitis kill

A

L3 - early L4

284
Q

T/F

mff in the blood will be killed by prophylaxis treatment of heartworm

A

FALSE

285
Q

what do you tell an owner is super important for the treatment of heartworm

A

CAGE REST!! or they could have clot/thrombosis and die

286
Q

Acanthoceilonema Reconditum host and intermediate hosts

A

Dogs

IH: fleas, ticks, lice (by biting)

287
Q

T/F

Filaroidea spp can be found in the blood, tissues, and GI

A

FALSE – only in the blood/tissues

NOT GI

288
Q

A 4-year-old neutered male outdoor cat from Florida presents with a 5-week history of weight loss. You see segments on the stool. What parasite is causing the symptoms?

A

Dipylidium caninum

289
Q

T/F

Tapeworms are bad for production since they cause unthriftiness of animals

A

TRUE

290
Q

A 5-year-old intact male cat present with choleostasis and liver failure. Fecal sedimentation reveals an operculated egg with a fully-formed miracidium. The most likely diagnosis is:

A

Platynosomum fastosum

291
Q

The main significance of Acanthocheilonema

reconditum in veterinary medicine is:

A

microfilaria are similar in appearance to those of Dirofilaria immi3s and thus may confound diagnosis

292
Q

The very short PPP of this nematode insures that eggs of this parasite are likely to be the first detected in a fecal float in a young foal:

A

S. westeri

parasit (3 decks)

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