TREE Quizzes 2021 Flashcards
The format of the items:
o can be open or closed
o There are subjective items and objective items
o There are different forms of open and closed items
o Closed items are objective and open items are subjective
o There are different forms of open and closed items
Scores obtained by participants:
o must be compared with a standard criterion
o must be analysed individually as each participant is different
o should be compared with scores obtained by a reference group
o Based on the type of test, they are compared with a reference group or with a standard criterion
o Based on the type of test, they are compared with a reference group or with a standard criterion
During the interview, a participant:
o has more or less freedom of response depending on researcher’s character and communication skills
o must strictly answer the researcher’s questions
o has more or less freedom of response depending on the type of interview
o can freely speak about what he/she wants
o has more or less freedom of response depending on researcher’s character and communication skills
The usability of a tool depends on:
o its reliability and validity
o some features of the tool
o the research subjects
o researcher skills
o its reliability and validity
Validity and reliability of a tool:
o Validity is more important than reliability
o Are synonyms
o Reliability is more important than validity
o Indicate two equally important aspects of the tool
o Indicate two equally important aspects of the tool
The term “ instrumentation “ indicates:
o The whole preparation process for data collection
o The type of analysis applied to the data
o The set of available tools
o The selected tool
o The whole preparation process for data collection
Questionnaires and interviews collect:
o Thoughts and opinions
o Individual differences
o Performance
o Projections of one’s emotions
o Thoughts and opinions
When administering a questionnaire, the investigator:
o Has already hypothesized possible answers he/she will be able to collect
o Tries to direct the respondent towards certain answers
o Leaves the respondent completely free to respond as they wish
o Get an idea of the response trend after first administrations
o Has already hypothesized possible answers he/she will be able to collect
An interview can be:
o Free, addressed or guided
o Open, semi-open or closed
o Pre-established, semi-
established or not established
o Structured, semi-structured or unstructured
o Structured, semi-structured or unstructured
Interview is defined as:
o A precise set of compelling questions
o A conversation with a purpose
o A reflective journey guided by questions
o A free chat on a topic
o A conversation with a purpose
The difference between questionnaire and interview is:
o Usually the questionnaire is more structured than the interview
o There are no differences
o The questionnaire is written and the interview is oral
o The questionnaire is completed by yourself, the interview is done in two
o Usually the questionnaire is more structured than the interview
Interviews and questionnaires, according to Gaskell (2000) offer:
o Detailed descriptions of a certain climate or social phenomenon
o Empirical data on which is possible to formulate hypotheses
o Results can be used as a starting point for further research
o All the listed answers
o All the listed answers
In questionnaires and interviews, questions:
o can be presented in different formats
o must already contain a hint for the answer
o would be better to put them in an affirmative form
o must always be put in a clearly interrogative form
o can be presented in different formats
Answers to a questionnaire or an interview may contain errors defined as:
o Voluntary: participants sometimes knowingly lie
o Both voluntary and involuntary
o Systematic: happen when questions are poorly formulated
o Involuntary: happens when participants did not understand the question
o Systematic: happen when questions are poorly formulated
A participant may have difficulty answering a question if:
o Has difficulty selecting relevant information
o Has difficulty expressing the answer verbally
o Doesn’t quite understand the question
o All the answers given here
o All the answers given here
Observational research aims to examine:
o Interactions, perceptions, attitudes and feelings
o Group conflicts
o The progression of a particular disease
o Data of ethnographic research
o Interactions, perceptions, attitudes and feelings
Naturalistic observation and simulation observation are all examples of which type of observation?
o Standardized interviews
o Participant observation
o Correlation observation
o Non-participant observation
o Non-participant observation (I think; there was no correct answer marked on the sheet)
When a researcher analyzes a series of documents produced or used by the subjects within the research context, the researcher is using this type of observational research:
o Documentary observation
o Standardized interviews
o Participant observation
o Correlation observation
o Documentary observation
When a researcher is a part of the environment he or she is observing, the researcher is using this type of observational research:
o Participant observation
o Simulation
o Non-participant observation
o Focused interview
o Participant observation
when researcher adopts observation to examine behaviours that occur naturally in the normal environment, and Participants shouldn’t know what the researcher is observing to simulate the “normal” environment. What type of observation is? :
o Simulation observation
o Unusability study
o Naturalistic observation
o Usability study
o Naturalistic observation
Participant observation occurs when a researcher
o begins to identify with the group, he is studying
o actually takes part in the everyday life activities of a certain social group.
o trying to develop sample questions for a new survey
o loses his objectivity, leading to bias results
o actually takes part in the everyday life activities of a certain social group.
Which of the following are weaknesses of overt observations ?
o Researcher can’t ask clarifying questions
o Researcher can’t ask too many questions
o Produces lots of ethical issues
o Researcher more likely to be refused access.
o Researcher more likely to be refused access.
Which of the following are weaknesses of Covert observations?
o Researcher more likely to be refused access.
o Researcher can ask too many question
o Researcher can’t ask clarifying questions
o There aren’t ethical issues
Which of the follow types of observations is conducted in secrecy, where the I identity and intentions of the researcher are hidden from the group?
o Overt
o Non-participant
o Covert
o Participant
o Covert