Tree cookie, tree roots, part b tree handbook

Question 1

rays

Answer 1

-cells that protect the center of the tree from rot and decay
-this has failed if the structure of in the tree is hollow

Question 2

trunk

Answer 2

portion of the tree that has nno limbs or leaves

Question 3

cambium

Answer 3

-layer that is inly 1 or 2 cells thick
-part of the tree that growth takes place in

Question 4

heartwood

Answer 4

-portion of the tree trunk used for the structure and support, tree can do without this and still survive
-is darker than sapwood
-this part of the tree is inactive

Question 5

summerwood

Answer 5

the darker rings of growth produced each year

Question 6

phloem

Answer 6

-allows sugars produced by leaves to travel down to roots for storage
-layer that eventually turns into the bark of the tree as the tree grows
-layer located directly under the bark

Question 7

sapwood/xylem

Answer 7

-allows water, minerals, nutrients, and sugars from the roots to be carried up to the leaves
-layer you tap when collecting sugar maple sap to make maple sryup

Question 8

crown

Answer 8

portion of tree with all the leaves and twigs

Question 9

roots

Answer 9

part of tree that is used to keep tree upright, absorb water, and absorb nutrients

Question 10

pith

Answer 10

name given to a portion of the tree that has started to rot

Question 11

bark

Answer 11

portion of the tree that is intended to keep pest like insects and rodents from being able to damage tree

Question 12

springwood

Answer 12

-the lighter rings of growth produced each year
-thicker annual growth ring

Question 13

metabolic processes produce…

Answer 13

tissues and maintain life functions

Question 14

cellulose

Answer 14

a complex sugar that is the main component of wood and many other plant tissues

Question 15

what is cellulose used in?

Answer 15

food products, paper, strengthener in plastics and concrete, clothing

Question 16

why does a tree attempt to be the tallest?

Answer 16

to obtain the best light-capturing position

Question 17

what are the 3 locations a tree grows

Answer 17

-at the twig (meritism)
-at the root tips (meritism)
-around the outside of the trunk,branches, and roots (cambium)

Question 18

what decreases in a tree due to nights become longer that cause leaves to change

Answer 18

chlorophyll

Question 19

when the chlorophyll is decreased what colors are now being reflected

Answer 19

-anthocyanins (red)
-carotenoids (yellow)

Question 20

what are 3 reasons why cold temperature prevent trees from functioning

Answer 20

-water would freeze in plant tissue
-water in the upper soil layers
-low temperatures are far outside the operating windows for the enzymes

Question 21

what determines the timing of losing leaves

Answer 21

controlled by lengthening nights

Question 22

what determines the intensity of the color

Answer 22

the weather

Question 23

what is the layer of cells that allow the leaf to fall from the branch called

Answer 23

abscission layer

Question 24

list 5 other environmental factors that determine how well a tree grows in a specific location

Answer 24

-rainfall or precipitation
-soil variablility
-moisture
-biotic factors
-mycorrhizae (fungi)

Question 25

describe the 4 ways that trees regenerate

Answer 25

-seeds
-root suckers
-stump sprouts
-vegetative layering